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Liechtenstein
Background :
The Principality of Liechtenstein was established within the Holy Roman Empire in 1719. Occupied by both French and Russian troops during the Napoleonic wars, it became a sovereign state in 1806 and joined the Germanic Confederation in 1815. Liechtenstein became fully independent in 1866 when the Confederation dissolved. Until the end of World War I, it was closely tied to Austria, but the economic devastation caused by that conflict forced Liechtenstein to enter into a customs and monetary union with Switzerland. Since World War II (in which Liechtenstein remained neutral), the country's low taxes have spurred outstanding economic growth. In 2000, shortcomings in banking regulatory oversight resulted in concerns about the use of financial institutions for money laundering. However, Liechtenstein implemented anti-money-laundering legislation and a Mutual Legal Assistance Treaty with the US that went into effect in 2003.
Location :
Central Europe, between Austria and Switzerland
Geographic Coordinates Center :
47 16 N, 9 32 E (Latitude, Longtitude)
Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :
| West | 9.48 |
| North | 47.27 |
| East | 9.63 |
| South | 47.06 |
Map references :
Europe
Area :
| total | 160 | square km |
| land | 160 | square km |
| water | 0 | square km |
Land boundaries :
| total | 76 | km |
| Austria (at) | 34 | km |
| Switzerland (ch) | 41 | km |
Coastline :
0.00 km
Climate :
continental; cold, cloudy winters with frequent snow or rain; cool to moderately warm, cloudy, humid summers
Terrain :
mostly mountainous (Alps) with Rhine Valley in western third
Elevation extremes :
| lowest point | 430 | metres |
| highest point | 2 599 | metres |
Natural resources :
| arable land | hydroelectric potential |
Land use :
| arable land | 25.00 | % |
| permanent crops | 0.00 | % |
| other | 75.00 | % |
international agreements :
| Air Pollution | Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides |
| Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants | Air Pollution-Sulfur 85 |
| Air Pollution-Sulfur 94 | Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds |
| Biodiversity | Climate Change |
| Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol | Desertification |
| Endangered Species | Hazardous Wastes |
| Law of the Sea | Ozone Layer Protection |
| Wetlands |
Population :
34 761
Indicators :
| Growth rate | 0.70 | % |
| Birth rate | 9.75 | births/1,000 population |
| Total fertility rate | 1.52 | children born/woman |
| Death rate | 7.39 | deaths/1,000 population |
| Net migration rate | 4.66 | migrant(s)/1,000 population |
Age structure :
| 0-14 years | 16.60 | % |
| 15-64 years | 69.40 | % |
| 65 years and over | 13.90 | % |
Median age :
| total | 41.00 | years |
| male | 40.40 | years |
| female | 41.50 | years |
Sex ratio :
| at birth | 1.01 | male(s)/female |
| under 15 years | 0.99 | male(s)/female |
| 15-64 years | 0.98 | male(s)/female |
| 65 years and over | 0.76 | male(s)/female |
| total population | 0.94 | male(s)/female |
Health :
| Infant mortality rate | 4.25 | deaths/1,000 live births |
| Life expectancy at birth - total population | 80.06 | years |
| Life expectancy at birth - male | 76.59 | years |
| Life expectancy at birth - female | 83.53 | years |
Religions :
| Roman Catholic | 76.20 | % |
| Protestant | 7.00 | % |
| unknown | 10.60 | % |
| other | 6.20 | % |
Languages :
| German | |
| Melanesian-Polynesian dialects |
Literacy :
| total population | 100.00 | % |
| male | 100.00 | % |
| female | 100.00 | % |
Country name :
| conventional long form | Principality of Liechtenstein |
| conventional short form | Liechtenstein |
| local long form | Fuerstentum Liechtenstein |
| local short form | Liechtenstein |
Country Codes :
| ISO 3166 | LI |
| ISO Numeric | 438 |
| ISO3 | LIE |
| FIPS | LS |
| ccTLD | li |
| English | Liechtenstein |
Administrative divisions :
11 communes (Gemeinden, singular - Gemeinde); Balzers, Eschen, Gamprin, Mauren, Planken, Ruggell, Schaan, Schellenberg, Triesen, Triesenberg, Vaduz
Capital :
| name | Vaduz |
| geographic coordinates | 47 08 N, 9 31 E |
| time difference | 1.00 |
| daylight saving time | 1 |
International organization participation :
| CE | EBRD |
| EFTA | IAEA |
| ICCt | ICRM |
| IFRCS | IOC |
| IPU | ITSO |
| ITU | ITUC |
| Interpol | OPCW |
| OSCE | PCA |
| Schengen Convention (de facto m) | UN |
| UNCTAD | UPU |
| WIPO | WTO |
Independence :
1719-01-23
National holiday :
Assumption Day
2010-08-15
Executive branch :
| Prince HANS ADAM II |
Legislative branch :
| VU | 47.60 | % |
| FBP | 43.50 | % |
| FL | 8.90 | % |
GDP - Gross Domestic product :
| PPP - Purchasing Power Parity | 4 160 000 000 | $ |
| Official Exchange Rate | 4 993 000 000 | |
| RGR - Real Growth rate | 3.10 | % |
| PPP - per capita | 122 100 | $ |
GDP Composition by sector :
| agriculture | 8.00 | % |
| industry | 39.00 | % |
| services | 54.00 | % |
Labor force - by occupation :
| agriculture | 1.70 | % |
| industry | 43.50 | % |
| services | 55.40 | % |
Other Indicators :
| Labor force | 32 440 | people |
| Unemployment rate | 1.50 | % |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 1.00 | % |
Budget :
| revenues | 424 200 000 | $ |
| expenditures | 414 100 000 | $ |
Agriculture - products :
| barley | corn |
| dairy | livestock |
| potatoes | wheat |
Industries :
| ceramics | dental products |
| electronics | food products |
| metal manufacturing | optical instruments |
| pharmaceuticals | precision instruments |
| tourism |
Value :
2 470 000 000 $
Commodities :
| connectors for audio and video | dental products |
| electronic equipment | hardware |
| optical products | parts for motor vehicles |
| prepared foodstuffs | small specialty machinery |
Value :
917 300 000 $
Commodities :
| agricultural products | energy products |
| foodstuffs | machinery |
| metal products | motor vehicles |
| raw materials | textiles |
Currency-code :
CHF
Currency-name :
Swiss franc
Communications :
| Telephons Main lines in use | 19 600 | |
| Telephons Mobile, Cellular | 34 000 | |
| FM Radio broadcast stations | 4 | |
| Internet Country code (ccTLD) | li | |
| Internet Hosts | 9 287 | |
| Internet Users | 23 000 |
Transportation :
| Pipelines - gas | 20 | km |
| Roadways - total | 380 | km |
| Roadways - paved | 380 | km |
| Waterways | 28 | km |
Flag
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