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Guatemala
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Background :
The Mayan civilization flourished in Guatemala and surrounding regions during the first millennium A.D. After almost three centuries as a Spanish colony, Guatemala won its independence in 1821. During the second half of the 20th century, it experienced a variety of military and civilian governments, as well as a 36-year guerrilla war. In 1996, the government signed a peace agreement formally ending the conflict, which had left more than 100,000 people dead and had created, by some estimates, some 1 million refugees.
Location :
Central America, bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between El Salvador and Mexico, and bordering the Gulf of Honduras (Caribbean Sea) between Honduras and Belize
Geographic Coordinates Center :
15 30 N, 90 15 W (Latitude, Longtitude)
Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :
| West | -92.24 |
| North | 17.82 |
| East | -88.22 |
| South | 13.74 |
Map references :
America
Area :
| total | 108 889 | square km |
| land | 107 159 | square km |
| water | 1 730 | square km |
Land boundaries :
| total | 1 687 | km |
| Belize (bz) | 266 | km |
| El Salvador (sv) | 203 | km |
| Honduras (hn) | 256 | km |
| Mexico (mx) | 962 | km |
Coastline :
400.00 km
Climate :
tropical; hot, humid in lowlands; cooler in highlands
Terrain :
mostly mountains with narrow coastal plains and rolling limestone plateau
Elevation extremes :
| lowest point | 0 | metres |
| highest point | 4 211 | metres |
Natural resources :
| chicle | fish |
| hydropower | nickel |
| petroleum | rare woods |
Land use :
| arable land | 13.22 | % |
| permanent crops | 5.60 | % |
| other | 81.18 | % |
Irrigated land :
1 300 square km
Total renewable water resources :
111 cubic km
Natural hazards :
| earthquakes | hurricanes |
| tropical storms | volcanoes |
current issues :
deforestation in the Peten rainforest; soil erosion; water pollution
international agreements :
| Antarctic Treaty | Biodiversity |
| Climate Change | Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol |
| Desertification | Endangered Species |
| Environmental Modification | Hazardous Wastes |
| Law of the Sea | Marine Dumping |
| Ozone Layer Protection | Ship Pollution |
| Wetlands | Whaling |
Population :
13 276 517
Indicators :
| Growth rate | 2.07 | % |
| Birth rate | 27.98 | births/1,000 population |
| Total fertility rate | 3.47 | children born/woman |
| Death rate | 5.11 | deaths/1,000 population |
| Net migration rate | -2.21 | migrant(s)/1,000 population |
Age structure :
| 0-14 years | 39.40 | % |
| 15-64 years | 56.80 | % |
| 65 years and over | 3.80 | % |
Median age :
| total | 19.40 | years |
| male | 18.90 | years |
| female | 20.00 | years |
Sex ratio :
| at birth | 1.05 | male(s)/female |
| under 15 years | 1.03 | male(s)/female |
| 15-64 years | 0.94 | male(s)/female |
| 65 years and over | 0.86 | male(s)/female |
| total population | 0.97 | male(s)/female |
Health :
| Infant mortality rate | 27.84 | deaths/1,000 live births |
| Life expectancy at birth - total population | 70.29 | years |
| Life expectancy at birth - male | 68.49 | years |
| Life expectancy at birth - female | 72.19 | years |
| HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate | 0.80 | % |
| HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS | 59 000 | |
| HIV-AIDS deaths | 3 900 |
Religions :
| Roman Catholic | |
| Protestant |
Languages :
| Spanish | 60.00 | % |
| Amerindian | 40.00 | % |
Literacy :
| total population | 69.10 | % |
| male | 75.40 | % |
| female | 63.30 | % |
Country name :
| conventional long form | Republic of Guatemala |
| conventional short form | Guatemala |
| local long form | Republica de Guatemala |
| local short form | Guatemala |
Country Codes :
| ISO 3166 | GT |
| ISO Numeric | 320 |
| ISO3 | GTM |
| FIPS | GT |
| ccTLD | gt |
| English | Guatemala |
Administrative divisions :
22 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Alta Verapaz, Baja Verapaz, Chimaltenango, Chiquimula, El Progreso, Escuintla, Guatemala, Huehuetenango, Izabal, Jalapa, Jutiapa, Peten, Quetzaltenango, Quiche, Retalhuleu, Sacatepequez, San Marcos, Santa Rosa, Solola, Suchitepequez, Totonicapan, Zacapa
Capital :
| name | Guatemala City |
| geographic coordinates | 14 37 N, 90 31 W |
| time difference | -6.00 |
| daylight saving time | 1 |
International organization participation :
| BCIE | CACM |
| FAO | G-24 |
| G-77 | IADB |
| IAEA | IBRD |
| ICAO | ICC |
| ICRM | IDA |
| IFAD | IFC |
| IFRCS | IHO |
| ILO | IMF |
| IMO | IOC |
| IOM | IPU |
| ISO (correspondent) | ITSO |
| ITU | ITUC |
| Interpol | LAES |
| LAIA (observer) | MIGA |
| MINUSTAH | MONUC |
| NAM | OAS |
| OPANAL | OPCW |
| PCA | PetroCaribe |
| RG | SICA |
| UN | UNAMID |
| UNCTAD | UNESCO |
| UNIDO | UNIFIL |
| UNMIS | UNOCI |
| UNWTO | UPU |
| Union Latina | WCO |
| WFTU | WHO |
| WIPO | WMO |
| WTO |
Independence :
1821-09-15
National holiday :
Independence Day
1821-09-15
Executive branch :
| President Alvaro COLOM Caballeros |
Legislative branch :
| UNE | 30.40 | % |
| GANA | 23.40 | % |
| PP | 18.90 | % |
| FRG | 9.50 | % |
| PU | 5.10 | % |
| other | 12.70 | % |
GDP - Gross Domestic product :
| PPP - Purchasing Power Parity | 69 220 000 000 | $ |
| Official Exchange Rate | 36 470 000 000 | |
| RGR - Real Growth rate | -0.50 | % |
| PPP - per capita | 5 200 | $ |
GDP Composition by sector :
| agriculture | 13.50 | % |
| industry | 25.10 | % |
| services | 61.40 | % |
Labor force - by occupation :
| agriculture | 50.00 | % |
| industry | 15.00 | % |
| services | 35.00 | % |
Other Indicators :
| Labor force | 4 157 000 | people |
| Unemployment rate | 3.20 | % |
| Population below poverty line | 56.20 | % |
| Distribution of family income - Gini index | 55.10 | |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 2.30 | % |
| Investment (gross fixed) | 16.90 | % of GDP |
| Current account balance | - 1 105 000 000 | $ |
| Reserves of foreign exchange and gold | 4 709 000 000 | $ |
| Debt external | 7 489 000 000 | $ |
| Military expenditures | 0.40 | % of GDP |
| Public debt | 32.70 | % of GDP |
Household income or consumption by percentage share :
| lowest 10% | 1.30 | % |
| highest 10% | 42.40 | % |
Budget :
| revenues | 4 070 000 000 | $ |
| expenditures | 5 563 000 000 | $ |
Agriculture - products :
| bananas | beans |
| cardamom | cattle |
| coffee | corn |
| pigs | poultry |
| sheep | sugarcane |
Industries :
| chemicals | clothing |
| furniture | metals |
| petroleum | rubber |
| sugar | textiles |
| tourism |
Energy :
| Electricity Production | 8 425 000 000 | kWh |
| Electricity Consumption | 7 115 000 000 | kWh |
| Electricity Exports | 131 900 000 | kWh |
| Electricity Imports | 8 109 999 | kWh |
| Oil Production | 15 550 | bbl/day |
| Oil Consumption | 76 000 | bbl/day |
| Oil Exports | 21 850 | bbl/day |
| Oil Imports | 72 440 | bbl/day |
| Oil Proved reserves | 83 070 000 | bbl |
| Electricity Exports | 2 960 000 000 | cubic metres |
Value :
6 768 000 000 $
Partners :
| United States (us) | 39.40 | % |
| El Salvador (sv) | 12.60 | % |
| Honduras (hn) | 9.50 | % |
| Mexico (mx) | 6.60 | % |
| Nicaragua (ni) | 4.20 | % |
| Costa Rica (cr) | 4.10 | % |
Commodities :
| apparel | bananas |
| cardamom | coffee |
| crude oil | fruit and vegetables |
| sugar |
Value :
10 910 000 000 $
Partners :
| United States (us) | 37.10 | % |
| Mexico (mx) | 9.80 | % |
| China (cn) | 5.80 | % |
| El Salvador (sv) | 4.80 | % |
Commodities :
| construction materials | electricity |
| fertilizer | fuels |
| grain | machinery and transportation equipment |
Currency-code :
GTQ
Currency-name :
quetzal
Communications :
| Telephons Main lines in use | 1 449 000 | |
| Telephons Mobile, Cellular | 14 949 000 | |
| FM Radio broadcast stations | 487 | |
| Television broadcast stations | 26 | |
| Internet Country code (ccTLD) | gt | |
| Internet Hosts | 132 049 | |
| Internet Users | 1 960 000 |
Transportation :
| Airports with paved runways | 13 | |
| Pipelines - oil | 480 | km |
| Roadways - total | 14 095 | km |
| Roadways - expressways | 75 | km |
| Roadways - paved | 4 863 | km |
| Roadways - unpaved | 9 232 | km |
| Railways | 332 | km |
| Waterways | 990 | km |
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