* βeta
Mozambique
Background :
Almost five centuries as a Portuguese colony came to a close with independence in 1975. Large-scale emigration, economic dependence on South Africa, a severe drought, and a prolonged civil war hindered the country's development until the mid 1990's. The ruling Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (FRELIMO) party formally abandoned Marxism in 1989, and a new constitution the following year provided for multiparty elections and a free market economy. A UN-negotiated peace agreement between FRELIMO and rebel Mozambique National Resistance (RENAMO) forces ended the fighting in 1992. In December 2004, Mozambique underwent a delicate transition as Joaquim CHISSANO stepped down after 18 years in office. His elected successor, Armando Emilio GUEBUZA, promised to continue the sound economic policies that have encouraged foreign investment.
Location :
Southeastern Africa, bordering the Mozambique Channel, between South Africa and Tanzania
Geographic Coordinates Center :
18 15 S, 35 00 E (Latitude, Longtitude)
Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :
| West | 30.22 |
| North | -10.47 |
| East | 40.84 |
| South | -26.87 |
Map references :
Africa
Area :
| total | 799 380 | square km |
| land | 786 380 | square km |
| water | 13 000 | square km |
Land boundaries :
| total | 4 571 | km |
| Malawi (mw) | 1 569 | km |
| South Africa (za) | 491 | km |
| Swaziland (sz) | 105 | km |
| Tanzania (tz) | 756 | km |
| Zambia (zm) | 419 | km |
| Zimbabwe (zw) | 1 231 | km |
Coastline :
2470.00 km
Climate :
tropical to subtropical
Terrain :
mostly coastal lowlands, uplands in center, high plateaus in northwest, mountains in west
Elevation extremes :
| lowest point | 0 | metres |
| highest point | 2 436 | metres |
Natural resources :
| coal | graphite |
| hydropower | natural gas |
| tantalum | titanium |
Land use :
| arable land | 5.43 | % |
| permanent crops | 0.29 | % |
| other | 94.28 | % |
Irrigated land :
1 180 square km
Total renewable water resources :
216 cubic km
Natural hazards :
| devastating cyclones | droughts |
| floods |
current issues :
a long civil war and recurrent drought in the hinterlands have resulted in increased migration of the population to urban and coastal areas with adverse environmental consequences; desertification; pollution of surface and coastal waters; elephant poaching for ivory is a problem
international agreements :
| Biodiversity | Climate Change |
| Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol | Desertification |
| Endangered Species | Hazardous Wastes |
| Law of the Sea | Ozone Layer Protection |
| Ship Pollution | Wetlands |
Population :
21 669 278
Indicators :
| Growth rate | 1.79 | % |
| Birth rate | 37.98 | births/1,000 population |
| Total fertility rate | 5.18 | children born/woman |
| Death rate | 20.07 | deaths/1,000 population |
Age structure :
| 0-14 years | 44.30 | % |
| 15-64 years | 52.80 | % |
| 65 years and over | 2.90 | % |
Median age :
| total | 17.40 | years |
| male | 17.00 | years |
| female | 17.80 | years |
Sex ratio :
| at birth | 1.02 | male(s)/female |
| under 15 years | 1.01 | male(s)/female |
| 15-64 years | 0.96 | male(s)/female |
| 65 years and over | 0.71 | male(s)/female |
| total population | 0.97 | male(s)/female |
Health :
| Infant mortality rate | 105.80 | deaths/1,000 live births |
| Life expectancy at birth - total population | 41.18 | years |
| Life expectancy at birth - male | 41.83 | years |
| Life expectancy at birth - female | 40.53 | years |
| HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate | 12.50 | % |
| HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS | 1 500 000 | |
| HIV-AIDS deaths | 81 000 |
Religions :
| Catholic | 23.80 | % |
| Muslim | 17.80 | % |
| Zionist Christian | 17.50 | % |
| other | 17.80 | % |
| none | 23.10 | % |
Languages :
| Emakhuwa | 26.10 | % |
| Xichangana | 11.30 | % |
| Portuguese | 8.80 | % |
| Elomwe | 7.60 | % |
| Cisena | 6.80 | % |
| Echuwabo | 5.80 | % |
| Mozambican | 32.00 | % |
Literacy :
| total population | 47.80 | % |
| male | 63.50 | % |
| female | 32.70 | % |
Country name :
| conventional long form | Republic of Mozambique |
| conventional short form | Mozambique |
| local long form | Republica de Mocambique |
| local short form | Mocambique |
| former | Portuguese East Africa |
Country Codes :
| ISO 3166 | MZ |
| ISO Numeric | 508 |
| ISO3 | MOZ |
| FIPS | MZ |
| ccTLD | mz |
| English | Mozambique |
Administrative divisions :
10 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia), 1 city (cidade)*; Cabo Delgado, Gaza, Inhambane, Manica, Maputo, Cidade de Maputo*, Nampula, Niassa, Sofala, Tete, Zambezia
Capital :
| name | Maputo |
| geographic coordinates | 25 57 S, 32 35 E |
| time difference | 2.00 |
International organization participation :
| ACP | AU |
| AfDB | C |
| CPLP | FAO |
| G-77 | IAEA |
| IBRD | ICAO |
| ICCt (signatory) | ICRM |
| IDA | IDB |
| IFAD | IFC |
| IFRCS | IHO |
| ILO | IMF |
| IMO | IMSO |
| IOC | IOM (observer) |
| IPU | ISO (correspondent) |
| ITSO | ITU |
| ITUC | Interpol |
| MIGA | MONUC |
| NAM | OIC |
| OIF (observer) | OPCW |
| SADC | UN |
| UNAMID | UNCTAD |
| UNESCO | UNHCR |
| UNIDO | UNWTO |
| UPU | Union Latina |
| WCO | WFTU |
| WHO | WIPO |
| WMO | WTO |
Independence :
1975-06-25
National holiday :
Independence Day
1975-06-25
Executive branch :
| President Armando GUEBUZA | Prime Minister Aires Bonifacio ALI |
Legislative branch :
| FRELIMO | 74.70 | % |
| RENAMO | 17.70 | % |
| MDM | 3.90 | % |
| other | 3.70 | % |
GDP - Gross Domestic product :
| PPP - Purchasing Power Parity | 20 170 000 000 | $ |
| Official Exchange Rate | 9 654 000 000 | |
| RGR - Real Growth rate | 4.30 | % |
| PPP - per capita | 900 | $ |
GDP Composition by sector :
| agriculture | 24.00 | % |
| industry | 30.60 | % |
| services | 45.30 | % |
Labor force - by occupation :
| agriculture | 81.00 | % |
| industry | 6.00 | % |
| services | 13.00 | % |
Other Indicators :
| Labor force | 9 770 000 | people |
| Unemployment rate | 21.00 | % |
| Population below poverty line | 70.00 | % |
| Distribution of family income - Gini index | 47.30 | |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 3.50 | % |
| Investment (gross fixed) | 23.00 | % of GDP |
| Current account balance | - 953 000 000 | $ |
| Reserves of foreign exchange and gold | 1 781 000 000 | $ |
| Debt external | 4 159 000 000 | $ |
| Military expenditures | 0.80 | % of GDP |
| Public debt | 26.10 | % of GDP |
Household income or consumption by percentage share :
| lowest 10% | 2.10 | % |
| highest 10% | 39.20 | % |
Budget :
| revenues | 2 434 000 000 | $ |
| expenditures | 3 171 000 000 | $ |
Agriculture - products :
| beef | cashew nuts |
| cassava | citrus |
| coconuts | corn |
| cotton | potatoes |
| poultry | sisal |
| sugarcane | sunflowers |
| tea | tropical fruits |
Industries :
| aluminum | asbestos |
| beverages | cement |
| chemicals | food |
| glass | paints |
| petroleum products | soap |
| textiles | tobacco |
Energy :
| Electricity Production | 15 910 000 000 | kWh |
| Electricity Consumption | 10 160 000 000 | kWh |
| Electricity Exports | 11 820 000 000 | kWh |
| Electricity Imports | 8 278 000 000 | kWh |
| Oil Consumption | 16 000 | bbl/day |
| Oil Imports | 13 760 | bbl/day |
| Natural gas Production | 3 300 000 000 | cubic metres |
| Natural gas Consumption | 100 000 000 | cubic metres |
| Natural gas Exports | 3 200 000 000 | cubic metres |
| Electricity Exports | 127 400 000 000 | cubic metres |
Value :
1 946 000 000 $
Partners :
| Netherlands (nl) | 55.50 | % |
| South Africa (za) | 9.20 | % |
| Zimbabwe (zw) | 2.10 | % |
Commodities :
| aluminum | cashews |
| citrus | cotton |
| electricity | prawns |
| sugar | timber |
Value :
3 096 000 000 $
Partners :
| South Africa (za) | 27.40 | % |
| Netherlands (nl) | 15.70 | % |
| China (cn) | 4.30 | % |
Commodities :
| chemicals | foodstuffs |
| fuels | machinery and equipment |
| metal products | textiles |
| vehicles |
Currency-code :
MZM
Currency-name :
metical
Communications :
| Telephons Main lines in use | 78 300 | |
| Telephons Mobile, Cellular | 4 405 000 | |
| FM Radio broadcast stations | 17 | |
| Television broadcast stations | 4 | |
| Internet Country code (ccTLD) | mz | |
| Internet Hosts | 21 388 | |
| Internet Users | 350 000 |
Transportation :
| Airports with paved runways | 23 | |
| Pipelines - gas | 918 | km |
| Pipelines - refined products | 278 | km |
| Roadways - total | 30 400 | km |
| Roadways - paved | 5 685 | km |
| Roadways - unpaved | 24 715 | km |
| Railways | 4 787 | km |
| Waterways | 460 | km |
Flag
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