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Tanzania
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Background :
Shortly after achieving independence from Britain in the early 1960s, Tanganyika and Zanzibar merged to form the nation of Tanzania in 1964. One-party rule came to an end in 1995 with the first democratic elections held in the country since the 1970s. Zanzibar's semi-autonomous status and popular opposition have led to two contentious elections since 1995, which the ruling party won despite international observers' claims of voting irregularities.
Location :
Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean, between Kenya and Mozambique
Geographic Coordinates Center :
6 00 S, 35 00 E (Latitude, Longtitude)
Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :
| West | 29.33 |
| North | -0.99 |
| East | 40.44 |
| South | -11.75 |
Map references :
Africa
Area :
| total | 947 300 | square km |
| land | 885 800 | square km |
| water | 61 500 | square km |
Land boundaries :
| total | 3 861 | km |
| Burundi (bi) | 451 | km |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | 459 | km |
| Kenya (ke) | 769 | km |
| Malawi (mw) | 475 | km |
| Mozambique (mz) | 756 | km |
| Rwanda (rw) | 217 | km |
| Uganda (ug) | 396 | km |
| Zambia (zm) | 338 | km |
Coastline :
1424.00 km
Climate :
varies from tropical along coast to temperate in highlands
Terrain :
plains along coast; central plateau; highlands in north, south
Elevation extremes :
| lowest point | 0 | metres |
| highest point | 5 895 | metres |
Natural resources :
| coal | diamonds |
| gemstones | gold |
| hydropower | iron ore |
| natural gas | nickel |
| phosphates | tin |
Land use :
| arable land | 4.23 | % |
| permanent crops | 1.16 | % |
| other | 94.61 | % |
Irrigated land :
1 840 square km
Total renewable water resources :
91 cubic km
Natural hazards :
| flooding |
current issues :
soil degradation; deforestation; desertification; destruction of coral reefs threatens marine habitats; recent droughts affected marginal agriculture; wildlife threatened by illegal hunting and trade, especially for ivory
international agreements :
| Biodiversity | Climate Change |
| Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol | Desertification |
| Endangered Species | Hazardous Wastes |
| Law of the Sea | Ozone Layer Protection |
| Wetlands |
Population :
41 048 532
Indicators :
| Growth rate | 2.04 | % |
| Birth rate | 34.29 | births/1,000 population |
| Total fertility rate | 4.46 | children born/woman |
| Death rate | 12.59 | deaths/1,000 population |
| Net migration rate | -1.30 | migrant(s)/1,000 population |
Age structure :
| 0-14 years | 43.00 | % |
| 15-64 years | 54.10 | % |
| 65 years and over | 2.90 | % |
Median age :
| total | 18.00 | years |
| male | 17.80 | years |
| female | 18.30 | years |
Sex ratio :
| at birth | 1.03 | male(s)/female |
| under 15 years | 1.00 | male(s)/female |
| 15-64 years | 0.97 | male(s)/female |
| 65 years and over | 0.78 | male(s)/female |
| total population | 0.98 | male(s)/female |
Health :
| Infant mortality rate | 69.28 | deaths/1,000 live births |
| Life expectancy at birth - total population | 52.01 | years |
| Life expectancy at birth - male | 50.56 | years |
| Life expectancy at birth - female | 53.51 | years |
| HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate | 6.20 | % |
| HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS | 1 400 000 | |
| HIV-AIDS deaths | 96 000 |
Religions :
| Christian | 30.00 | % |
| Muslim | 35.00 | % |
| indigenous beliefs | 35.00 | % |
Languages :
| Kiswahili or Swahili | |
| Kiunguja | |
| English | |
| Arabic |
Literacy :
| total population | 69.40 | % |
| male | 77.50 | % |
| female | 62.20 | % |
Country name :
| conventional long form | United Republic of Tanzania |
| conventional short form | Tanzania |
| local long form | Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania |
| local short form | Tanzania |
| former | United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar |
Country Codes :
| ISO 3166 | TZ |
| ISO Numeric | 834 |
| ISO3 | TZA |
| FIPS | TZ |
| ccTLD | tz |
| English | Tanzania |
Administrative divisions :
26 regions; Arusha, Dar es Salaam, Dodoma, Iringa, Kagera, Kigoma, Kilimanjaro, Lindi, Manyara, Mara, Mbeya, Morogoro, Mtwara, Mwanza, Pemba North, Pemba South, Pwani, Rukwa, Ruvuma, Shinyanga, Singida, Tabora, Tanga, Zanzibar Central/South, Zanzibar North, Zanzibar Urban/West
Capital :
| name | Dar es Salaam |
| geographic coordinates | 6 48 S, 39 17 E |
| time difference | 3.00 |
International organization participation :
| ACP | AU |
| AfDB | C |
| EAC | EADB |
| FAO | G-6 |
| G-77 | IAEA |
| IBRD | ICAO |
| ICC | ICCt |
| ICRM | IDA |
| IFAD | IFC |
| IFRCS | ILO |
| IMF | IMO |
| IMSO | IOC |
| IOM | IPU |
| ISO | ITSO |
| ITU | ITUC |
| Interpol | MIGA |
| NAM | OPCW |
| SADC | UN |
| UNAMID | UNCTAD |
| UNESCO | UNHCR |
| UNIDO | UNIFIL |
| UNMIS | UNOCI |
| UNWTO | UPU |
| WCO | WFTU |
| WHO | WIPO |
| WMO | WTO |
Independence :
1964-04-26
National holiday :
Union Day
1964-04-26
Executive branch :
| President Jakaya KIKWETE | President Jakaya KIKWETE |
GDP - Gross Domestic product :
| PPP - Purchasing Power Parity | 57 500 000 000 | $ |
| Official Exchange Rate | 22 160 000 000 | |
| RGR - Real Growth rate | 4.50 | % |
| PPP - per capita | 1 400 | $ |
GDP Composition by sector :
| agriculture | 26.60 | % |
| industry | 22.60 | % |
| services | 50.80 | % |
Labor force - by occupation :
| agriculture | 80.00 | % |
| services | 20.00 | % |
Other Indicators :
| Labor force | 21 230 000 | people |
| Population below poverty line | 36.00 | % |
| Distribution of family income - Gini index | 34.60 | |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 11.60 | % |
| Investment (gross fixed) | 18.10 | % of GDP |
| Current account balance | - 1 995 000 000 | $ |
| Reserves of foreign exchange and gold | 2 897 000 000 | $ |
| Debt external | 7 070 000 000 | $ |
| Market value of publicly traded shares | 541 100 000 | $ |
| Military expenditures | 0.20 | % of GDP |
| Public debt | 24.80 | % of GDP |
Household income or consumption by percentage share :
| lowest 10% | 2.90 | % |
| highest 10% | 26.90 | % |
Budget :
| revenues | 3 780 000 000 | $ |
| expenditures | 4 693 000 000 | $ |
Agriculture - products :
| bananas | cashew nuts |
| cassava | cattle |
| cloves | coffee |
| corn | cotton |
| fruits | goats |
| pyrethrum | sheep |
| sisal | tea |
| tobacco | vegetables |
| wheat |
Industries :
| agricultural processing | apparel |
| beer | cement |
| cigarettes | diamonds |
| fertilizer | gold |
| iron mining | oil refining |
| salt | shoes |
| sisal twine | soda ash |
| wood products |
Energy :
| Electricity Production | 3 786 000 000 | kWh |
| Electricity Consumption | 3 182 000 000 | kWh |
| Electricity Imports | 200 000 000 | kWh |
| Oil Consumption | 32 000 | bbl/day |
| Oil Imports | 28 070 | bbl/day |
| Natural gas Production | 560 700 000 | cubic metres |
| Natural gas Consumption | 560 700 000 | cubic metres |
| Electricity Exports | 6 513 000 000 | cubic metres |
Value :
2 744 000 000 $
Partners :
| India (in) | 9.10 | % |
| Japan (jp) | 6.50 | % |
| China (cn) | 6.30 | % |
| UAE | 5.70 | % |
| Netherlands (nl) | 5.50 | % |
| Germany (de) | 5.10 | % |
Commodities :
| cashew nuts | coffee |
| cotton | gold |
| manufactures |
Value :
5 545 000 000 $
Partners :
| China (cn) | 13.70 | % |
| India (in) | 13.40 | % |
| South Africa (za) | 7.40 | % |
| Kenya (ke) | 6.60 | % |
| UAE | 5.60 | % |
Commodities :
| consumer products | industrial raw materials |
| machinery and transportation equipment | petroleum |
Currency-code :
TZS
Currency-name :
Tanzanian shilling
Communications :
| Telephons Main lines in use | 179 849 | |
| Telephons Mobile, Cellular | 14 723 000 | |
| FM Radio broadcast stations | 11 | |
| Television broadcast stations | 3 | |
| Internet Country code (ccTLD) | tz | |
| Internet Hosts | 24 724 | |
| Internet Users | 520 000 |
Transportation :
| Airports with paved runways | 9 | |
| Pipelines - gas | 254 | km |
| Pipelines - oil | 888 | km |
| Pipelines - refined products | 8 | km |
| Roadways - total | 78 891 | km |
| Roadways - paved | 6 808 | km |
| Roadways - unpaved | 72 083 | km |
| Railways | 3 689 | km |
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