* βeta
Gambia
Background :
The Gambia gained its independence from the UK in 1965. Geographically surrounded by Senegal, it formed a short-lived federation of Senegambia between 1982 and 1989. In 1991 the two nations signed a friendship and cooperation treaty, but tensions have flared up intermittently since then. Yahya A. J. J. JAMMEH led a military coup in 1994 that overthrew the president and banned political activity. A new constitution and presidential elections in 1996, followed by parliamentary balloting in 1997, completed a nominal return to civilian rule. JAMMEH has been elected president in all subsequent elections, including most recently in late 2006.
Location :
Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean and Senegal
Geographic Coordinates Center :
13 28 N, 16 34 W (Latitude, Longtitude)
Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :
| West | -16.83 |
| North | 13.83 |
| East | -13.80 |
| South | 13.06 |
Map references :
Africa
Area :
| total | 11 295 | square km |
| land | 10 000 | square km |
| water | 1 295 | square km |
Land boundaries :
| total | 740 | km |
| Senegal (sn) | 740 | km |
Coastline :
80.00 km
Climate :
tropical; hot, rainy season (June to November); cooler, dry season (November to May)
Terrain :
flood plain of the Gambia River flanked by some low hills
Elevation extremes :
| lowest point | 0 | metres |
| highest point | 53 | metres |
Natural resources :
| clay | fish |
| silica sand | tin |
| titanium | zircon |
Land use :
| arable land | 27.88 | % |
| permanent crops | 0.44 | % |
| other | 71.68 | % |
Irrigated land :
20 square km
Total renewable water resources :
8 cubic km
current issues :
deforestation; desertification; water-borne diseases prevalent
international agreements :
| Biodiversity | Climate Change |
| Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol | Desertification |
| Endangered Species | Hazardous Wastes |
| Law of the Sea | Ozone Layer Protection |
| Ship Pollution | Wetlands |
| Whaling |
Population :
1 778 081
Indicators :
| Growth rate | 2.59 | % |
| Birth rate | 37.80 | births/1,000 population |
| Total fertility rate | 5.04 | children born/woman |
| Death rate | 12.21 | deaths/1,000 population |
| Net migration rate | 0.30 | migrant(s)/1,000 population |
Age structure :
| 0-14 years | 43.60 | % |
| 15-64 years | 53.50 | % |
| 65 years and over | 2.80 | % |
Median age :
| total | 17.90 | years |
| male | 17.80 | years |
| female | 18.10 | years |
Sex ratio :
| at birth | 1.03 | male(s)/female |
| under 15 years | 1.01 | male(s)/female |
| 15-64 years | 0.98 | male(s)/female |
| 65 years and over | 1.00 | male(s)/female |
| total population | 1.00 | male(s)/female |
Health :
| Infant mortality rate | 68.84 | deaths/1,000 live births |
| Life expectancy at birth - total population | 53.81 | years |
| Life expectancy at birth - male | 52.05 | years |
| Life expectancy at birth - female | 55.62 | years |
| HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate | 0.90 | % |
| HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS | 8 200 | |
| HIV-AIDS deaths | 600 |
Religions :
| Muslim | 90.00 | % |
| Christian | 8.00 | % |
| indigenous beliefs | 2.00 | % |
Languages :
| English | |
| Mandinka | |
| Wolof | |
| Fula |
Literacy :
| total population | 40.10 | % |
| male | 47.80 | % |
| female | 32.80 | % |
Country name :
| conventional long form | Republic of The Gambia |
| conventional short form | The Gambia |
Country Codes :
| ISO 3166 | GM |
| ISO Numeric | 270 |
| ISO3 | GMB |
| FIPS | GA |
| ccTLD | gm |
| English | Gambia |
Administrative divisions :
5 divisions and 1 city*; Banjul*, Central River, Lower River, North Bank, Upper River, Western
Capital :
| name | Banjul |
| geographic coordinates | 13 27 N, 16 34 W |
| time difference | 0.00 |
International organization participation :
| ABEDA | ACP |
| AU | AfDB |
| C | ECOWAS |
| FAO | G-77 |
| IBRD | ICAO |
| ICCt | ICRM |
| IDA | IDB |
| IFAD | IFC |
| IFRCS | ILO |
| IMF | IMO |
| IOC | IOM |
| IPU | ISO (correspondent) |
| ITSO | ITU |
| ITUC | Interpol |
| MIGA | NAM |
| OIC | OPCW |
| UN | UNAMID |
| UNCTAD | UNESCO |
| UNIDO | UNMIL |
| UNOCI | UNWTO |
| UPU | WCO |
| WFTU | WHO |
| WIPO | WMO |
| WTO |
Independence :
1965-02-18
National holiday :
Independence Day
1965-02-18
Executive branch :
| President Yahya A. J. J. JAMMEH |
GDP - Gross Domestic product :
| PPP - Purchasing Power Parity | 2 385 000 000 | $ |
| Official Exchange Rate | 726 000 000 | |
| RGR - Real Growth rate | 3.50 | % |
| PPP - per capita | 1 300 | $ |
GDP Composition by sector :
| agriculture | 33.50 | % |
| industry | 8.50 | % |
| services | 58.00 | % |
Labor force - by occupation :
| agriculture | 75.00 | % |
| industry | 19.00 | % |
| services | 6.00 | % |
Other Indicators :
| Distribution of family income - Gini index | 50.20 | |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 6.00 | % |
| Investment (gross fixed) | 27.20 | % of GDP |
| Current account balance | - 88 000 000 | $ |
| Reserves of foreign exchange and gold | 123 000 000 | $ |
| Debt external | 628 800 000 | $ |
| Military expenditures | 0.50 | % of GDP |
Household income or consumption by percentage share :
| lowest 10% | 2.00 | % |
| highest 10% | 36.90 | % |
Budget :
| revenues | 129 100 000 | $ |
| expenditures | 153 600 000 | $ |
Agriculture - products :
| cassava | cattle |
| corn | goats |
| millet | palm kernels |
| peanuts | rice |
| sesame | sheep |
| sorghum |
Industries :
| agricultural machinery assembly | beverages |
| clothing | fish |
| hides | metalworking |
| processing peanuts | tourism |
| woodworking |
Energy :
| Electricity Production | 160 000 000 | kWh |
| Electricity Consumption | 148 800 000 | kWh |
| Oil Consumption | 2 000 | bbl/day |
| Oil Exports | 41 | bbl/day |
| Oil Imports | 2 266 | bbl/day |
Value :
77 000 000 $
Partners :
| India (in) | 36.70 | % |
| Japan (jp) | 23.00 | % |
| Belgium (be) | 5.70 | % |
| China (cn) | 5.00 | % |
| United Kingdom (gb) | 4.80 | % |
Commodities :
| cotton lint | fish |
| palm kernels | peanut products |
| re-exports |
Value :
239 000 000 $
Partners :
| China (cn) | 21.60 | % |
| Senegal (sn) | 12.70 | % |
| Cote d'Ivoire | 6.70 | % |
| Brazil (br) | 6.00 | % |
| Netherlands (nl) | 5.30 | % |
Commodities :
| foodstuffs | fuels |
| machinery and transportation equipment | manufactures |
Currency-code :
GMD
Currency-name :
dalasi
Communications :
| Telephons Main lines in use | 48 900 | |
| Telephons Mobile, Cellular | 1 166 000 | |
| FM Radio broadcast stations | 2 | |
| Television broadcast stations | 1 | |
| Internet Country code (ccTLD) | gm | |
| Internet Hosts | 895 | |
| Internet Users | 114 200 |
Transportation :
| Airports with paved runways | 1 | |
| Roadways - total | 3 742 | km |
| Roadways - paved | 723 | km |
| Roadways - unpaved | 3 019 | km |
| Waterways | 390 | km |
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