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Yemen
Background :
North Yemen became independent of the Ottoman Empire in 1918. The British, who had set up a protectorate area around the southern port of Aden in the 19th century, withdrew in 1967 from what became South Yemen. Three years later, the southern government adopted a Marxist orientation. The massive exodus of hundreds of thousands of Yemenis from the south to the north contributed to two decades of hostility between the states. The two countries were formally unified as the Republic of Yemen in 1990. A southern secessionist movement in 1994 was quickly subdued. In 2000, Saudi Arabia and Yemen agreed to a delimitation of their border.
Location :
Middle East, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Aden, and Red Sea, between Oman and Saudi Arabia
Geographic Coordinates Center :
15 00 N, 48 00 E (Latitude, Longtitude)
Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :
| West | 42.53 |
| North | 19.00 |
| East | 54.53 |
| South | 12.11 |
Map references :
Middle East
Area :
| total | 527 968 | square km |
| land | 527 968 | square km |
| water | 0 | square km |
Land boundaries :
| total | 1 746 | km |
| Oman (om) | 288 | km |
| Saudi Arabia (sa) | 1 458 | km |
Coastline :
1906.00 km
Climate :
mostly desert; hot and humid along west coast; temperate in western mountains affected by seasonal monsoon; extraordinarily hot, dry, harsh desert in east
Terrain :
narrow coastal plain backed by flat-topped hills and rugged mountains; dissected upland desert plains in center slope into the desert interior of the Arabian Peninsula
Elevation extremes :
| lowest point | 0 | metres |
| highest point | 3 667 | metres |
Natural resources :
| fish | marble |
| petroleum | rock salt |
Land use :
| arable land | 2.91 | % |
| permanent crops | 0.25 | % |
| other | 96.84 | % |
Irrigated land :
5 500 square km
Total renewable water resources :
4 cubic km
Natural hazards :
| dust storms | torms |
current issues :
limited natural fresh water resources; inadequate supplies of potable water; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification
international agreements :
| Biodiversity | Climate Change |
| Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol | Desertification |
| Endangered Species | Environmental Modification |
| Hazardous Wastes | Law of the Sea |
| Ozone Layer Protection |
Population :
22 858 238
Indicators :
| Growth rate | 2.79 | % |
| Birth rate | 35.32 | births/1,000 population |
| Total fertility rate | 5.00 | children born/woman |
| Death rate | 7.46 | deaths/1,000 population |
Age structure :
| 0-14 years | 43.90 | % |
| 15-64 years | 53.50 | % |
| 65 years and over | 2.60 | % |
Median age :
| total | 16.80 | years |
| male | 16.70 | years |
| female | 16.80 | years |
Sex ratio :
| at birth | 1.05 | male(s)/female |
| under 15 years | 1.04 | male(s)/female |
| 15-64 years | 1.03 | male(s)/female |
| 65 years and over | 0.92 | male(s)/female |
| total population | 1.03 | male(s)/female |
Health :
| Infant mortality rate | 58.40 | deaths/1,000 live births |
| Life expectancy at birth - total population | 63.00 | years |
| Life expectancy at birth - male | 61.01 | years |
| Life expectancy at birth - female | 65.08 | years |
| HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate | 0.10 | % |
| HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS | 12 000 |
Religions :
| Muslim |
Languages :
| Arabic |
Literacy :
| total population | 50.20 | % |
| male | 70.50 | % |
| female | 30.00 | % |
Country name :
| conventional long form | Republic of Yemen |
| conventional short form | Yemen |
| local long form | Al Jumhuriyah al Yamaniyah |
| local short form | Al Yaman |
| former | Yemen Arab Republic [Yemen or South Yemen] |
Country Codes :
| ISO 3166 | YE |
| ISO Numeric | 887 |
| ISO3 | YEM |
| FIPS | YM |
| ccTLD | ye |
| English | Yemen |
Administrative divisions :
21 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah); Abyan, 'Adan (Aden), Ad Dali', Al Bayda', Al Hudaydah, Al Jawf, Al Mahrah, Al Mahwit, Amanat al 'Asimah, 'Amran, Dhamar, Hadramawt, Hajjah, Ibb, Lahij, Ma'rib, Raymah, Sa'dah, San'a' (Sanaa), Shabwah, Ta'izz
Capital :
| name | Sanaa |
| geographic coordinates | 15 21 N, 44 12 E |
| time difference | 3.00 |
International organization participation :
| AFESD | AMF |
| CAEU | FAO |
| G-77 | IAEA |
| IBRD | ICAO |
| ICCt (signatory) | ICRM |
| IDA | IDB |
| IFAD | IFC |
| IFRCS | ILO |
| IMF | IMO |
| IOC | IOM |
| IPU | ISO (correspondent) |
| ITSO | ITU |
| ITUC | Interpol |
| LAS | MIGA |
| MINURCAT | MINURSO |
| MONUC | NAM |
| OAS (observer) | OIC |
| OPCW | UN |
| UNAMID | UNCTAD |
| UNESCO | UNHCR |
| UNIDO | UNMIL |
| UNMIS | UNOCI |
| UNWTO | UPU |
| WCO | WFTU |
| WHO | WIPO |
| WMO | WTO (observer) |
Independence :
1990-05-22
National holiday :
Unification Day
1990-05-22
Executive branch :
| President Ali Abdallah SALIH | Prime Minister Ali Muhammad MUJAWWAR |
GDP - Gross Domestic product :
| PPP - Purchasing Power Parity | 58 200 000 000 | $ |
| Official Exchange Rate | 26 240 000 000 | |
| RGR - Real Growth rate | 3.80 | % |
| PPP - per capita | 2 500 | $ |
GDP Composition by sector :
| agriculture | 9.70 | % |
| industry | 39.30 | % |
| services | 51.10 | % |
Other Indicators :
| Labor force | 6 641 000 | people |
| Unemployment rate | 35.00 | % |
| Population below poverty line | 45.20 | % |
| Distribution of family income - Gini index | 37.70 | |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 3.60 | % |
| Investment (gross fixed) | 19.90 | % of GDP |
| Current account balance | - 2 627 000 000 | $ |
| Reserves of foreign exchange and gold | 6 307 000 000 | $ |
| Debt external | 6 245 000 000 | $ |
| Military expenditures | 6.60 | % of GDP |
| Public debt | 39.60 | % of GDP |
Household income or consumption by percentage share :
| lowest 10% | 2.90 | % |
| highest 10% | 30.80 | % |
Budget :
| revenues | 6 202 000 000 | $ |
| expenditures | 9 355 000 000 | $ |
Agriculture - products :
| coffee | cotton |
| dairy | fish |
| fruits | grain |
| livestock | poultry |
| pulses | qat |
| vegetables |
Industries :
| aluminum products factory | cement |
| commercial ship repair | crude oil production and petroleum refining |
| food processing | handicrafts |
| natural gas production | production of cotton textiles and leather goods |
Energy :
| Electricity Production | 5 665 000 000 | kWh |
| Electricity Consumption | 4 133 000 000 | kWh |
| Oil Production | 300 100 | bbl/day |
| Oil Consumption | 149 000 | bbl/day |
| Oil Exports | 274 400 | bbl/day |
| Oil Imports | 65 860 | bbl/day |
| Oil Proved reserves | 3 000 000 000 | bbl |
| Natural gas Production | 454 700 | cubic metres |
| Natural gas Exports | 454 700 | cubic metres |
| Electricity Exports | 478 500 000 000 | cubic metres |
Value :
5 550 000 000 $
Partners :
| China (cn) | 30.90 | % |
| Thailand (th) | 25.70 | % |
| South Africa (za) | 14.60 | % |
| India (in) | 8.80 | % |
| Japan (jp) | 5.10 | % |
| UAE | 4.20 | % |
Commodities :
| coffee | crude oil |
| dried and salted fish | liquefied natural gas (LNG) |
Value :
7 120 000 000 $
Partners :
| UAE | 15.50 | % |
| China (cn) | 11.80 | % |
| India (in) | 8.40 | % |
| Saudi Arabia (sa) | 7.30 | % |
| Kuwait (kw) | 5.40 | % |
| United States (us) | 4.10 | % |
Commodities :
| chemicals | food and live animals |
| machinery and equipment |
Currency-code :
YER
Currency-name :
Yemeni rial
Communications :
| Telephons Main lines in use | 1 117 000 | |
| Telephons Mobile, Cellular | 3 700 000 | |
| FM Radio broadcast stations | 1 | |
| Television broadcast stations | 3 | |
| Internet Country code (ccTLD) | ye | |
| Internet Hosts | 242 | |
| Internet Users | 370 000 |
Transportation :
| Airports with paved runways | 18 | |
| Pipelines - gas | 423 | km |
| Pipelines - oil | 1 367 | km |
| Pipelines - liquid petroleum gas | 22 | km |
| Roadways - total | 71 300 | km |
| Roadways - paved | 6 200 | km |
| Roadways - unpaved | 65 100 | km |
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