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Czech Republic
Background :
Following the First World War, the closely related Czechs and Slovaks of the former Austro-Hungarian Empire merged to form Czechoslovakia. During the interwar years, the new country's leaders were frequently preoccupied with meeting the demands of other ethnic minorities within the republic, most notably the Sudeten Germans and the Ruthenians (Ukrainians). After World War II, a truncated Czechoslovakia fell within the Soviet sphere of influence. In 1968, an invasion by Warsaw Pact troops ended the efforts of the country's leaders to liberalize Communist party rule and create "socialism with a human face." Anti-Soviet demonstrations the following year ushered in a period of harsh repression. With the collapse of Soviet authority in 1989, Czechoslovakia regained its freedom through a peaceful "Velvet Revolution." On 1 January 1993, the country underwent a "velvet divorce" into its two national components, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The Czech Republic joined NATO in 1999 and the European Union in 2004.
Location :
Central Europe, between Germany, Poland, Slovikia, and Austria
Geographic Coordinates Center :
49 45 N, 15 30 E (Latitude, Longtitude)
Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :
| West | 12.09 |
| North | 51.05 |
| East | 18.85 |
| South | 48.58 |
Map references :
Europe
Area :
| total | 78 867 | square km |
| land | 77 247 | square km |
| water | 1 620 | square km |
Land boundaries :
| total | 1 989 | km |
| Austria (at) | 362 | km |
| Germany (de) | 815 | km |
| Poland (pl) | 615 | km |
| Slovakia (sk) | 197 | km |
Coastline :
0.00 km
Climate :
temperate; cool summers; cold, cloudy, humid winters
Terrain :
Bohemia in the west consists of rolling plains, hills, and plateaus surrounded by low mountains; Moravia in the east consists of very hilly country
Elevation extremes :
| lowest point | 115 | metres |
| highest point | 1 602 | metres |
Natural resources :
| clay | graphite |
| hard coal | kaolin |
| soft coal | timber |
Land use :
| arable land | 38.82 | % |
| permanent crops | 3.00 | % |
| other | 58.18 | % |
Irrigated land :
240 square km
Total renewable water resources :
16 cubic km
Natural hazards :
| flooding |
current issues :
air and water pollution in areas of northwest Bohemia and in northern Moravia around Ostrava present health risks; acid rain damaging forests; efforts to bring industry up to EU code should improve domestic pollution
international agreements :
| Air Pollution | Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides |
| Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants | Air Pollution-Sulfur 85 |
| Air Pollution-Sulfur 94 | Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds |
| Antarctic Treaty | Antarctic-Environmental Protocol |
| Biodiversity | Climate Change |
| Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol | Desertification |
| Endangered Species | Environmental Modification |
| Hazardous Wastes | Law of the Sea |
| Ozone Layer Protection | Ship Pollution |
| Wetlands | Whaling |
Population :
10 211 904
Indicators :
| Growth rate | -0.09 | % |
| Birth rate | 8.83 | births/1,000 population |
| Total fertility rate | 1.24 | children born/woman |
| Death rate | 10.74 | deaths/1,000 population |
| Net migration rate | 0.97 | migrant(s)/1,000 population |
Age structure :
| 0-14 years | 13.60 | % |
| 15-64 years | 71.00 | % |
| 65 years and over | 15.50 | % |
Median age :
| total | 40.10 | years |
| male | 38.60 | years |
| female | 41.90 | years |
Sex ratio :
| at birth | 1.06 | male(s)/female |
| under 15 years | 1.06 | male(s)/female |
| 15-64 years | 1.01 | male(s)/female |
| 65 years and over | 0.65 | male(s)/female |
| total population | 0.95 | male(s)/female |
Health :
| Infant mortality rate | 3.79 | deaths/1,000 live births |
| Life expectancy at birth - total population | 76.81 | years |
| Life expectancy at birth - male | 73.54 | years |
| Life expectancy at birth - female | 80.28 | years |
| HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate | 0.10 | % |
| HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS | 1 500 | |
| HIV-AIDS deaths | 10 |
Religions :
| Roman Catholic | 26.80 | % |
| Protestant | 2.10 | % |
| other | 3.30 | % |
| unspecified | 8.80 | % |
| unaffiliated | 59.00 | % |
Languages :
| Czech | 94.90 | % |
| Slovak | 2.00 | % |
Literacy :
| total population | 99.00 | % |
| male | 99.00 | % |
| female | 99.00 | % |
Country name :
| conventional long form | Czech Republic |
| conventional short form | Czech Republic |
| local long form | Ceska Republika |
| local short form | Cesko |
Country Codes :
| ISO 3166 | CZ |
| ISO Numeric | 203 |
| ISO3 | CZE |
| FIPS | EZ |
| ccTLD | cz |
| English | Czech Republic |
Administrative divisions :
13 regions (kraje, singular - kraj) and 1 capital city* (hlavni mesto); Jihocesky (South Bohemia), Jihomoravsky (South Moravia), Karlovarsky, Kralovehradecky, Liberecky, Moravskoslezsky (Moravia-Silesia), Olomoucky, Pardubicky, Plzensky (Pilsen), Praha (Prague)*, Stredocesky (Central Bohemia), Ustecky, Vysocina, Zlinsky
Capital :
| name | Prague |
| geographic coordinates | 50 05 N, 14 28 E |
| time difference | 1.00 |
| daylight saving time | 1 |
International organization participation :
| ACCT (observer) | Australia Group |
| BIS | BSEC (observer) |
| CE | CEI |
| CERN | EAPC |
| EBRD | EIB |
| ESA | EU |
| FAO | IAEA |
| IBRD | ICAO |
| ICC | ICCt |
| ICCt (signatory) | ICRM |
| IDA | IEA |
| IFC | IFRCS |
| ILO | IMF |
| IMO | IMSO |
| IOC | IOM |
| IPU | ISO |
| ITSO | ITU |
| ITUC | Interpol |
| MIGA | MONUC |
| NATO | NEA |
| NSG | OAS (observer) |
| OECD | OIF (observer) |
| OPCW | OSCE |
| PCA | SECI (observer) |
| Schengen Convention | UN |
| UNCTAD | UNESCO |
| UNIDO | UNWTO |
| UPU | WCO |
| WEU (associate) | WFTU |
| WHO | WIPO |
| WMO | WTO |
| ZC |
Independence :
1993-01-01
National holiday :
Foundation Day
1918-10-28
Executive branch :
| President Vaclav KLAUS | Prime Minister Jan FISCHER |
Legislative branch :
| ODS | 35.40 | % |
| CSSD | 32.30 | % |
| KSCM | 12.80 | % |
| KDU-CSL | 7.20 | % |
| Greens | 6.30 | % |
| other | 6.00 | % |
GDP - Gross Domestic product :
| PPP - Purchasing Power Parity | 256 700 000 000 | $ |
| Official Exchange Rate | 189 700 000 000 | |
| RGR - Real Growth rate | -4.20 | % |
| PPP - per capita | 25 100 | $ |
GDP Composition by sector :
| agriculture | 2.80 | % |
| industry | 35.00 | % |
| services | 62.30 | % |
Labor force - by occupation :
| agriculture | 3.60 | % |
| industry | 40.20 | % |
| services | 56.20 | % |
Other Indicators :
| Labor force | 5 380 000 | people |
| Unemployment rate | 9.30 | % |
| Distribution of family income - Gini index | 26.00 | |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 1.10 | % |
| Investment (gross fixed) | 23.20 | % of GDP |
| Current account balance | - 3 886 000 000 | $ |
| Reserves of foreign exchange and gold | 38 680 000 000 | $ |
| Debt external | 76 830 000 000 | $ |
| Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad | 11 110 000 000 | $ |
| Stock of direct foreign investment - at home | 118 900 000 000 | $ |
| Market value of publicly traded shares | 48 850 000 000 | $ |
| Military expenditures | 1.46 | % of GDP |
| Public debt | 32.80 | % of GDP |
Household income or consumption by percentage share :
| lowest 10% | 4.30 | % |
| highest 10% | 22.40 | % |
Budget :
| revenues | 76 710 000 000 | $ |
| expenditures | 85 650 000 000 | $ |
Agriculture - products :
| fruits | hops |
| pigs | potatoes |
| poultry | sugar beets |
| wheat |
Industries :
| armaments | equipment |
| glass | machinery |
| metallurgy | motor vehicles |
Industrial production growth rate :
-10.00 %
Energy :
| Electricity Production | 82 720 000 000 | kWh |
| Electricity Consumption | 61 650 000 000 | kWh |
| Electricity Exports | 19 990 000 000 | kWh |
| Electricity Imports | 8 520 000 000 | kWh |
| Oil Production | 16 080 | bbl/day |
| Oil Consumption | 212 800 | bbl/day |
| Oil Exports | 22 560 | bbl/day |
| Oil Imports | 213 900 | bbl/day |
| Oil Proved reserves | 15 000 000 | bbl |
| Natural gas Production | 192 000 000 | cubic metres |
| Natural gas Consumption | 8 719 000 000 | cubic metres |
| Natural gas Exports | 968 000 000 | cubic metres |
| Natural gas Imports | 9 573 000 000 | cubic metres |
| Electricity Exports | 3 964 000 000 | cubic metres |
Value :
106 400 000 000 $
Partners :
| Germany (de) | 28.00 | % |
| Tawian | 8.50 | % |
| Slovakia (sk) | 8.40 | % |
| Poland (pl) | 5.90 | % |
| France (fr) | 4.90 | % |
| United Kingdom (gb) | 4.40 | % |
| Austria (at) | 4.30 | % |
| Italy (it) | 4.30 | % |
Commodities :
| chemicals | machinery and transportation equipment |
| raw materials and fuel |
Value :
99 970 000 000 $
Partners :
| Germany (de) | 28.60 | % |
| Tawian | 6.80 | % |
| Slovakia (sk) | 6.20 | % |
| Poland (pl) | 6.10 | % |
| Russia (ru) | 5.80 | % |
| Netherlands (nl) | 5.30 | % |
| Austria (at) | 4.90 | % |
| China (cn) | 4.60 | % |
Commodities :
| chemicals | machinery and transportation equipment |
| raw materials and fuels |
Currency-code :
CZK
Currency-name :
Czech koruna
Communications :
| Telephons Main lines in use | 2 278 000 | |
| Telephons Mobile, Cellular | 13 780 000 | |
| FM Radio broadcast stations | 304 | |
| Television broadcast stations | 71 | |
| Internet Country code (ccTLD) | cz | |
| Internet Hosts | 3 233 000 | |
| Internet Users | 6 028 000 |
Transportation :
| Airports with paved runways | 44 | |
| Heliports | 1 | |
| Pipelines - gas | 7 010 | km |
| Pipelines - oil | 547 | km |
| Pipelines - refined products | 94 | km |
| Roadways - total | 128 512 | km |
| Roadways - expressways | 657 | km |
| Roadways - paved | 128 512 | km |
| Railways | 9 620 | km |
| Waterways | 664 | km |
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