* βeta
Croatia
Background :
The lands that today comprise Croatia were part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire until the close of World War I. In 1918, the Croats, Serbs, and Slovenes formed a kingdom known after 1929 as Yugoslavia. Following World War II, Yugoslavia became a federal independent Communist state under the strong hand of Marshal TITO. Although Croatia declared its independence from Yugoslavia in 1991, it took four years of sporadic, but often bitter, fighting before occupying Serb armies were mostly cleared from Croatian lands. Under UN supervision, the last Serb-held enclave in eastern Slavonia was returned to Croatia in 1998. In January 2008, Croatia assumed a nonpermanent seat on the UN Security Council for the 2008-09 term, and in April 2009 it joined NATO. Croatia is a candidate for eventual EU accession.
Location :
Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea, between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Slovenia
Geographic Coordinates Center :
45 10 N, 15 30 E (Latitude, Longtitude)
Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :
| West | 13.49 |
| North | 46.54 |
| East | 19.43 |
| South | 42.44 |
Map references :
Europe
Area :
| total | 56 594 | square km |
| land | 55 974 | square km |
| water | 620 | square km |
Land boundaries :
| total | 1 982 | km |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina (ba) | 932 | km |
| Hungary (hu) | 329 | km |
| Serbia (rs) | 241 | km |
| Montenegro (me) | 25 | km |
| Slovenia (si) | 455 | km |
Coastline :
5835.00 km
Climate :
Mediterranean and continental; continental climate predominant with hot summers and cold winters; mild winters, dry summers along coast
Terrain :
geographically diverse; flat plains along Hungarian border, low mountains and highlands near Adriatic coastline and islands
Elevation extremes :
| lowest point | 0 | metres |
| highest point | 1 830 | metres |
Natural resources :
| bauxite | calcium |
| clay | gypsum |
| hydropower | low-grade iron ore |
| mica | natural asphalt |
| oil | salt |
| silica | some coal |
Land use :
| arable land | 25.82 | % |
| permanent crops | 2.19 | % |
| other | 71.99 | % |
Irrigated land :
110 square km
Total renewable water resources :
105 cubic km
Natural hazards :
| destructive earthquakes |
current issues :
air pollution (from metallurgical plants) and resulting acid rain is damaging the forests; coastal pollution from industrial and domestic waste; landmine removal and reconstruction of infrastructure consequent to 1992-95 civil strife
international agreements :
| Air Pollution | Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides |
| Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants | Air Pollution-Sulfur 94 |
| Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds | Biodiversity |
| Climate Change | Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol |
| Desertification | Endangered Species |
| Hazardous Wastes | Law of the Sea |
| Marine Dumping | Ozone Layer Protection |
| Ship Pollution | Wetlands |
| Whaling |
Population :
4 489 409
Indicators :
| Growth rate | -0.05 | % |
| Birth rate | 9.64 | births/1,000 population |
| Total fertility rate | 1.42 | children born/woman |
| Death rate | 11.75 | deaths/1,000 population |
| Net migration rate | 1.59 | migrant(s)/1,000 population |
Age structure :
| 0-14 years | 15.60 | % |
| 15-64 years | 67.50 | % |
| 65 years and over | 17.00 | % |
Median age :
| total | 41.00 | years |
| male | 39.10 | years |
| female | 42.80 | years |
Sex ratio :
| at birth | 1.06 | male(s)/female |
| under 15 years | 1.05 | male(s)/female |
| 15-64 years | 0.99 | male(s)/female |
| 65 years and over | 0.64 | male(s)/female |
| total population | 0.93 | male(s)/female |
Health :
| Infant mortality rate | 6.37 | deaths/1,000 live births |
| Life expectancy at birth - total population | 75.35 | years |
| Life expectancy at birth - male | 71.72 | years |
| Life expectancy at birth - female | 79.18 | years |
| HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate | 0.10 | % |
| HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS | 200 | |
| HIV-AIDS deaths | 10 |
Religions :
| Roman Catholic | 87.80 | % |
| Orthodox | 4.40 | % |
| other Christian | 0.40 | % |
| Muslim | 1.30 | % |
| other | 0.90 | % |
| none | 5.20 | % |
Languages :
| Croatian | 96.10 | % |
| Serbian | 1.00 | % |
Literacy :
| total population | 98.10 | % |
| male | 99.30 | % |
| female | 97.10 | % |
Country name :
| conventional long form | Republic of Croatia |
| conventional short form | Croatia |
| local long form | Republika Hrvatska |
| local short form | Hrvatska |
| former | People's Republic of Croatia, Socialist Republic of Croatia |
Country Codes :
| ISO 3166 | HR |
| ISO Numeric | 191 |
| ISO3 | HRV |
| FIPS | HR |
| ccTLD | hr |
| English | Croatia |
Administrative divisions :
20 counties (zupanije, zupanija - singular) and 1 city* (grad - singular); Bjelovarsko-Bilogorska, Brodsko-Posavska, Dubrovacko-Neretvanska (Dubrovnik-Neretva), Istarska (Istria), Karlovacka, Koprivnicko-Krizevacka, Krapinsko-Zagorska, Licko-Senjska (Lika-Senj), Medimurska, Osjecko-Baranjska, Pozesko-Slavonska (Pozega-Slavonia), Primorsko-Goranska, Sibensko-Kninska, Sisacko-Moslavacka, Splitsko-Dalmatinska (Split-Dalmatia), Varazdinska, Viroviticko-Podravska, Vukovarsko-Srijemska, Zadarska, Zagreb*, Zagrebacka
Capital :
| name | Zagreb |
| geographic coordinates | 45 48 N, 16 00 E |
| time difference | 1.00 |
| daylight saving time | 1 |
International organization participation :
| ACCT (observer) | Australia Group |
| BIS | BSEC (observer) |
| CE | CEI |
| EAPC | EBRD |
| FAO | IADB |
| IAEA | IBRD |
| ICAO | ICC |
| ICCt | ICRM |
| IDA | IFAD |
| IFC | IFRCS |
| IHO | ILO |
| IMF | IMO |
| IMSO | IOC |
| IOM | IPU |
| ISO | ITSO |
| ITU | ITUC |
| Interpol | MIGA |
| MINURCAT | MINURSO |
| MINUSTAH | NAM (observer) |
| NATO | NSG |
| OAS (observer) | OIF (observer) |
| OPCW | OSCE |
| PCA | SECI |
| UN | UNCTAD |
| UNDOF | UNESCO |
| UNFICYP | UNIDO |
| UNIFIL | UNMIL |
| UNMIS | UNMOGIP |
| UNWTO | UPU |
| WCO | WFTU |
| WHO | WIPO |
| WMO | WTO |
| ZC |
Independence :
1991-06-25
National holiday :
Independence Day
1991-10-08
Executive branch :
| President Ivo JOSIPOVIC | Prime Minister Jadranka KOSOR |
GDP - Gross Domestic product :
| PPP - Purchasing Power Parity | 79 230 000 000 | $ |
| Official Exchange Rate | 61 720 000 000 | |
| RGR - Real Growth rate | -5.20 | % |
| PPP - per capita | 17 600 | $ |
GDP Composition by sector :
| agriculture | 7.00 | % |
| industry | 31.60 | % |
| services | 61.40 | % |
Labor force - by occupation :
| agriculture | 5.00 | % |
| industry | 31.30 | % |
| services | 63.60 | % |
Other Indicators :
| Labor force | 1 196 000 | people |
| Unemployment rate | 16.10 | % |
| Population below poverty line | 17.00 | % |
| Distribution of family income - Gini index | 29.00 | |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 2.40 | % |
| Investment (gross fixed) | 22.80 | % of GDP |
| Current account balance | - 6 073 000 000 | $ |
| Reserves of foreign exchange and gold | 11 560 000 000 | $ |
| Debt external | 59 400 000 000 | $ |
| Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad | 3 949 000 000 | $ |
| Stock of direct foreign investment - at home | 32 799 999 999 | $ |
| Market value of publicly traded shares | 26 790 000 000 | $ |
| Military expenditures | 2.39 | % of GDP |
| Public debt | 61.00 | % of GDP |
Household income or consumption by percentage share :
| lowest 10% | 3.60 | % |
| highest 10% | 23.10 | % |
Budget :
| revenues | 20 990 000 000 | $ |
| expenditures | 22 350 000 000 | $ |
Agriculture - products :
| alfalfa | barley |
| citrus | clover |
| corn | dairy |
| grapes | livestock |
| olives | potatoes |
| soya | sugar beets |
| sunflower seed | wheat |
Industries :
| aluminum | beverages |
| chemicals | construction materials |
| electronics | fabricated metal |
| food | machine tools |
| paper | petroleum and petroleum refining |
| pig iron and rolled steel products | plastics |
| shipbuilding | textiles |
| tourism | wood products |
Energy :
| Electricity Production | 11 490 000 000 | kWh |
| Electricity Consumption | 18 000 000 000 | kWh |
| Electricity Exports | 5 668 000 000 | kWh |
| Electricity Imports | 12 240 000 000 | kWh |
| Oil Production | 17 580 | bbl/day |
| Oil Consumption | 105 000 | bbl/day |
| Oil Exports | 43 750 | bbl/day |
| Oil Imports | 122 100 | bbl/day |
| Oil Proved reserves | 79 300 000 | bbl |
| Natural gas Production | 2 847 000 000 | cubic metres |
| Natural gas Consumption | 3 205 000 000 | cubic metres |
| Natural gas Exports | 695 500 000 | cubic metres |
| Natural gas Imports | 1 220 000 000 | cubic metres |
| Electricity Exports | 36 440 000 000 | cubic metres |
Value :
10 570 000 000 $
Partners :
| Italy (it) | 19.10 | % |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina (ba) | 15.40 | % |
| Germany (de) | 10.80 | % |
| Slovenia (si) | 7.80 | % |
| Austria (at) | 5.80 | % |
Commodities :
| chemicals | foodstuffs |
| fuels | machinery |
| textiles | transportation equipment |
Value :
22 100 000 000 $
Partners :
| Italy (it) | 16.90 | % |
| Germany (de) | 13.20 | % |
| Russia (ru) | 10.30 | % |
| China (cn) | 6.10 | % |
| Slovenia (si) | 5.50 | % |
| Austria (at) | 4.90 | % |
Commodities :
| chemicals | foodstuffs |
| fuels and lubricants | machinery |
| transportation and electrical equipment |
Currency-code :
HRK
Currency-name :
kuna
Communications :
| Telephons Main lines in use | 1 851 000 | |
| Telephons Mobile, Cellular | 5 924 000 | |
| FM Radio broadcast stations | 98 | |
| Television broadcast stations | 36 | |
| Internet Country code (ccTLD) | hr | |
| Internet Hosts | 1 230 000 | |
| Internet Users | 1 880 000 |
Transportation :
| Airports with paved runways | 23 | |
| Heliports | 1 | |
| Pipelines - gas | 1 327 | km |
| Pipelines - oil | 583 | km |
| Roadways - total | 29 248 | km |
| Roadways - expressways | 877 | km |
| Railways | 2 722 | km |
| Waterways | 785 | km |
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