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Hungary

X

Background :

Hungary became a Christian kingdom in A.D. 1000 and for many centuries served as a bulwark against Ottoman Turkish expansion in Europe. The kingdom eventually became part of the polyglot Austro-Hungarian Empire, which collapsed during World War I. The country fell under Communist rule following World War II. In 1956, a revolt and an announced withdrawal from the Warsaw Pact were met with a massive military intervention by Moscow. Under the leadership of Janos KADAR in 1968, Hungary began liberalizing its economy, introducing so-called "Goulash Communism." Hungary held its first multiparty elections in 1990 and initiated a free market economy. It joined NATO in 1999 and the EU in 2004. 

Location :

Central Europe, northwest of Romania 

Geographic Coordinates Center :

47 00 N, 20 00 E  (Latitude, Longtitude)

Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :

West 16.11
North 48.59
East 22.91
South 45.74

Area :

total 93 028 square km
land 89 608 square km
water 3 420 square km

Land boundaries :

total 2 185 km
Austria (at) 366 km
Croatia (hr) 329 km
Romania (ro) 443 km
Serbia (rs) 166 km
Slovakia (sk) 676 km
Slovenia (si) 102 km
Ukraine (ua) 103 km

Coastline :

0.00 km

Climate :

temperate; cold, cloudy, humid winters; warm summers 

Terrain :

mostly flat to rolling plains; hills and low mountains on the Slovakian border 

Elevation extremes :

lowest point 78 metres
highest point 1 014 metres

Natural resources :

arable land bauxite
coal fertile soils
natural gas

Land use :

arable land 49.58 %
permanent crops 2.06 %
other 48.36 %

Irrigated land :

2 300 square km

current issues :

the upgrading of Hungary's standards in waste management, energy efficiency, and air, soil, and water pollution to meet EU requirements will require large investments 

international agreements :

Air Pollution Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides
Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants Air Pollution-Sulfur 85
Air Pollution-Sulfur 94 Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds
Antarctic Treaty Biodiversity
Climate Change Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
Desertification Endangered Species
Environmental Modification Hazardous Wastes
Law of the Sea Marine Dumping
Ozone Layer Protection Ship Pollution
Wetlands Whaling

Population :

9 905 596 

Indicators :

Growth rate -0.26 %
Birth rate 9.51 births/1,000 population
Total fertility rate 1.35 children born/woman
Death rate 12.94 deaths/1,000 population
Net migration rate 0.87 migrant(s)/1,000 population

Age structure :

0-14 years 15.00 %
15-64 years 69.30 %
65 years and over 15.80 %

Median age :

total 39.40 years
male 37.10 years
female 42.00 years

Sex ratio :

at birth 1.06 male(s)/female
under 15 years 1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years 0.97 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.57 male(s)/female
total population 0.91 male(s)/female

Health :

Infant mortality rate 7.86 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth - total population 73.44 years
Life expectancy at birth - male 69.27 years
Life expectancy at birth - female 77.87 years
HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate 0.10 %
HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS 3 300
HIV-AIDS deaths 100

Religions :

Roman Catholic 51.90 %
Calvinist 15.90 %
Lutheran 3.00 %
Greek Catholic 2.60 %
other Christian 1.00 %
other 11.10 %
unaffiliated 14.50 %

Languages :

Hungarian 93.60 %

Literacy :

total population 99.40 %
male 99.50 %
female 99.30 %

Country name :

conventional long form Republic of Hungary
conventional short form Hungary
local long form Magyar Koztarsasag
local short form Magyarorszag

Country Codes :

ISO 3166 HU
ISO Numeric 348
ISO3 HUN
FIPS HU
ccTLD hu
English Hungary

Administrative divisions :

19 counties (megyek, singular - megye), 23 urban counties (singular - megyei varos), and 1 capital city (fovaros)||counties:|Bacs-Kiskun, Baranya, Bekes, Borsod-Abauj-Zemplen, Csongrad, Fejer, Gyor-Moson-Sopron, Hajdu-Bihar, Heves, Jasz-Nagykun-Szolnok, Komarom-Esztergom, Nograd, Pest, Somogy, Szabolcs-Szatmar-Bereg, Tolna, Vas, Veszprem, Zala||urban counties:|Bekescsaba, Debrecen, Dunaujvaros, Eger, Erd, Gyor, Hodmezovasarhely, Kaposvar, Kecskemet, Miskolc, Nagykanizsa, Nyiregyhaza, Pecs, Salgotarjan, Sopron, Szeged, Szekesfehervar, Szekszard, Szolnok, Szombathely, Tatabanya, Veszprem, Zalaegerszeg||capital city:|Budapest 

Capital :

name Budapest
geographic coordinates 47 30 N, 19 05 E
time difference 1.00
daylight saving time 1

International organization participation :

Australia Group BIS
CE CEI
CERN EAPC
EBRD EIB
ESA (cooperating state) EU
FAO G-9
IAEA IBRD
ICAO ICC
ICCt ICRM
IDA IEA
IFC IFRCS
ILO IMF
IMO IMSO
IOC IOM
IPU ISO
ITSO ITU
ITUC Interpol
MIGA MINURSO
NATO NEA
NSG OAS (observer)
OECD OIF (observer)
OPCW OSCE
PCA SECI
Schengen Convention UN
UNCTAD UNESCO
UNFICYP UNHCR
UNIDO UNIFIL
UNWTO UPU
WCO WEU (associate)
WFTU WHO
WIPO WMO
WTO ZC

Independence :

1000-12-25 

National holiday :

Saint Stephens Day

2010-08-20

Executive branch :

President Laszlo SOLYOM Prime Minister Gordon BAJNAI

Legislative branch :

Fidesz-KDNP 42.00 %
SzDSz 6.50 %
MDF 5.00 %
other 3.30 %

GDP - Gross Domestic product :

PPP - Purchasing Power Parity 186 300 000 000 $
Official Exchange Rate 124 200 000 000
RGR - Real Growth rate -6.40 %
PPP - per capita 18 800 $

GDP Composition by sector :

agriculture 3.40 %
industry 34.30 %
services 62.40 %

Labor force - by occupation :

agriculture 5.00 %
industry 32.40 %
services 62.60 %

Other Indicators :

Labor force 4 200 000 people
Unemployment rate 11.00 %
Population below poverty line 8.60 %
Distribution of family income - Gini index 28.00
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 4.30 %
Investment (gross fixed) 19.00 % of GDP
Current account balance - 3 446 000 000 $
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 41 770 000 000 $
Debt external 150 300 000 000 $
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad 160 200 000 000 $
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home 238 500 000 000 $
Market value of publicly traded shares 21 900 000 000 $
Military expenditures 1.75 % of GDP
Public debt 72.40 % of GDP

Household income or consumption by percentage share :

lowest 10% 3.50 %
highest 10% 24.10 %

Budget :

revenues 54 800 000 000 $
expenditures 59 860 000 000 $

Agriculture - products :

cattle corn
dairy pigs
potatoes poultry
sugar beets sunflower seed
wheat

Industries :

chemicals construction materials
metallurgy mining
motor vehicles pharmaceuticals
processed foods textiles

Energy :

Electricity Production 37 740 000 000 kWh
Electricity Consumption 37 770 000 000 kWh
Electricity Exports 8 871 000 000 kWh
Electricity Imports 12 770 000 000 kWh
Oil Production 37 830 bbl/day
Oil Consumption 162 100 bbl/day
Oil Exports 72 050 bbl/day
Oil Imports 195 400 bbl/day
Oil Proved reserves 20 180 000 bbl
Natural gas Production 2 643 000 000 cubic metres
Natural gas Consumption 13 170 000 000 cubic metres
Natural gas Exports 21 000 000 cubic metres
Natural gas Imports 11 470 000 000 cubic metres
Electricity Exports 8 098 000 000 cubic metres

Value :

78 610 000 000 $

Partners :

Germany (de) 25.40 %
Italy (it) 5.20 %
Romania (ro) 5.10 %
Austria (at) 4.70 %
Tawian 4.50 %
Slovakia (sk) 4.50 %
France (fr) 4.50 %
United Kingdom (gb) 4.40 %

Commodities :

food products fuels and electricity
machinery and equipment manufactures
raw materials

Value :

74 560 000 000 $

Partners :

Germany (de) 24.60 %
Russia (ru) 8.70 %
China (cn) 7.20 %
Austria (at) 6.00 %
Tawian 4.90 %
Netherlands (nl) 4.40 %
France (fr) 4.20 %
Italy (it) 4.10 %

Commodities :

food products fuels and electricity
machinery and equipment other manufactures
raw materials

Communications :

Telephons Main lines in use 3 094 000
Telephons Mobile, Cellular 12 224 000
FM Radio broadcast stations 90
Television broadcast stations 95
Internet Country code (ccTLD) hu
Internet Hosts 2 261 000
Internet Users 5 873 000

Transportation :

Airports with paved runways 20
Heliports 5
Pipelines - gas 4 407 km
Pipelines - oil 987 km
Pipelines - refined products 335 km
Roadways - total 159 568 km
Roadways - paved 70 050 km
Roadways - unpaved 89 518 km
Railways 8 057 km
Waterways 1 622 km

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