* βeta
Azerbaijan
Background :
Azerbaijan - a nation with a majority-Turkic and majority-Muslim population - was briefly independent from 1918 to 1920; it regained its independence after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. Despite a 1994 cease-fire, Azerbaijan has yet to resolve its conflict with Armenia over Nagorno-Karabakh, a primarily Armenian-populated region, assigned to Soviet Azerbaijan in the 1920s by Moscow. Armenia and Azerbaijan began fighting over the area in 1988; the struggle escalated after both countries attained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. By May 1994, when a cease-fire took hold, ethnic Armenian forces held not only Nagorno-Karabakh but also seven surrounding provinces in the territory of Azerbaijan. Corruption in the country is ubiquitous, and the government, which eliminated presidential term limits in a 2009 referendum, has been accused of authoritarianism. Although the poverty rate has been reduced in recent years due to revenue from exploiting oil resources, the promise of widespread wealth resulting from the continued development of Azerbaijan's energy sector remains largely unfulfilled.
Location :
Southwestern Asia, bordering the Caspian Sea, between Iran and Russia, with a small European portion north of the Caucasus range
Geographic Coordinates Center :
40 30 N, 47 30 E (Latitude, Longtitude)
Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :
| West | 44.77 |
| North | 41.91 |
| East | 50.37 |
| South | 38.82 |
Map references :
Asia
Area :
| total | 86 600 | square km |
| land | 82 629 | square km |
| water | 3 971 | square km |
Land boundaries :
| total | 2 013 | km |
| Armenia (with Azerbaijan-proper) | 566 | km |
| Armenia (with Azerbaijan-Naxcivan exclave) | 221 | km |
| Georgia (ge) | 322 | km |
| Iran (with Azerbaijan-proper) | 432 | km |
| Iran (with Azerbaijan-Naxcivan exclave) | 179 | km |
| Russia (ru) | 284 | km |
| Turkey (tr) | 9 | km |
Coastline :
0.00 km
Climate :
dry, semiarid steppe
Terrain :
large, flat Kur-Araz Ovaligi (Kura-Araks Lowland) (much of it below sea level) with Great Caucasus Mountains to the north, Qarabag Yaylasi (Karabakh Upland) in west; Baku lies on Abseron Yasaqligi (Apsheron Peninsula) that juts into Caspian Sea
Elevation extremes :
| lowest point | 28 | metres |
| highest point | 4 485 | metres |
Natural resources :
| bauxite | iron ore |
| natural gas | nonferrous metals |
| petroleum |
Land use :
| arable land | 20.62 | % |
| permanent crops | 2.61 | % |
| other | 76.77 | % |
Irrigated land :
14 550 square km
Total renewable water resources :
30 cubic km
Natural hazards :
| droughts |
current issues :
local scientists consider the Abseron Yasaqligi (Apsheron Peninsula) (including Baku and Sumqayit) and the Caspian Sea to be the ecologically most devastated area in the world because of severe air, soil, and water pollution; soil pollution results from oil spills, from the use of DDT pesticide, and from toxic defoliants used in the production of cotton
international agreements :
| Air Pollution | Biodiversity |
| Climate Change | Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol |
| Desertification | Endangered Species |
| Hazardous Wastes | Marine Dumping |
| Ozone Layer Protection | Ship Pollution |
| Wetlands |
Population :
8 238 672
Indicators :
| Growth rate | 0.76 | % |
| Birth rate | 17.62 | births/1,000 population |
| Total fertility rate | 2.04 | children born/woman |
| Death rate | 8.30 | deaths/1,000 population |
| Net migration rate | -1.69 | migrant(s)/1,000 population |
Age structure :
| 0-14 years | 23.90 | % |
| 15-64 years | 69.40 | % |
| 65 years and over | 6.70 | % |
Median age :
| total | 28.20 | years |
| male | 26.60 | years |
| female | 30.00 | years |
Sex ratio :
| at birth | 1.13 | male(s)/female |
| under 15 years | 1.12 | male(s)/female |
| 15-64 years | 0.96 | male(s)/female |
| 65 years and over | 0.58 | male(s)/female |
| total population | 0.97 | male(s)/female |
Health :
| Infant mortality rate | 54.60 | deaths/1,000 live births |
| Life expectancy at birth - total population | 66.66 | years |
| Life expectancy at birth - male | 62.53 | years |
| Life expectancy at birth - female | 71.34 | years |
| HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate | 0.20 | % |
| HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS | 7 800 | |
| HIV-AIDS deaths | 100 |
Religions :
| Muslim | 93.40 | % |
| Orthodox | 2.50 | % |
| Orthodox | 2.30 | % |
| other | 1.80 | % |
Languages :
| Azerbaijani | 90.30 | % |
| Lezgi | 2.20 | % |
| Russian | 1.80 | % |
| Armenian | 1.50 | % |
Literacy :
| total population | 98.80 | % |
| male | 99.50 | % |
| female | 98.20 | % |
Country name :
| conventional long form | Republic of Azerbaijan |
| conventional short form | Azerbaijan |
| local long form | Azarbaycan Respublikasi |
| local short form | Azarbaycan |
| former | Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic |
Country Codes :
| ISO 3166 | AZ |
| ISO Numeric | 31 |
| ISO3 | AZE |
| FIPS | AJ |
| ccTLD | az |
| English | Azerbaijan |
Administrative divisions :
59 rayons (rayonlar; rayon - singular), 11 cities (saharlar; sahar - singular), 1 autonomous republic (muxtar respublika)||rayons:|Abseron Rayonu, Agcabadi Rayonu, Agdam Rayonu, Agdas Rayonu, Agstafa Rayonu, Agsu Rayonu, Astara Rayonu, Balakan Rayonu, Barda Rayonu, Beylaqan Rayonu, Bilasuvar Rayonu, Cabrayil Rayonu, Calilabad Rayonu, Daskasan Rayonu, Davaci Rayonu, Fuzuli Rayonu, Gadabay Rayonu, Goranboy Rayonu, Goycay Rayonu, Haciqabul Rayonu, Imisli Rayonu, Ismayilli Rayonu, Kalbacar Rayonu, Kurdamir Rayonu, Lacin Rayonu, Lankaran Rayonu, Lerik Rayonu, Masalli Rayonu, Neftcala Rayonu, Oguz Rayonu, Qabala Rayonu, Qax Rayonu, Qazax Rayonu, Qobustan Rayonu, Quba Rayonu, Qubadli Rayonu, Qusar Rayonu, Saatli Rayonu, Sabirabad Rayonu, Saki Rayonu, Salyan Rayonu, Samaxi Rayonu, Samkir Rayonu, Samux Rayonu, Siyazan Rayonu, Susa Rayonu, Tartar Rayonu, Tovuz Rayonu, Ucar Rayonu, Xacmaz Rayonu, Xanlar Rayonu, Xizi Rayonu, Xocali Rayonu, Xocavand Rayonu, Yardimli Rayonu, Yevlax Rayonu, Zangilan Rayonu, Zaqatala Rayonu, Zardab Rayonu||cities:|Ali Bayramli Sahari, Baki Sahari, Ganca Sahari, Lankaran Sahari, Mingacevir Sahari, Naftalan Sahari, Saki Sahari, Sumqayit Sahari, Susa Sahari, Xankandi Sahari, Yevlax Sahari||autonomous republic:|Naxcivan Muxtar Respublikasi (Nakhichevan)
Capital :
| name | Baku |
| geographic coordinates | 40 23 N, 49 52 E |
| time difference | 4.00 |
| daylight saving time | 1 |
International organization participation :
| ADB | BSEC |
| CE | CICA |
| CIS | EAPC |
| EBRD | ECO |
| FAO | GCTU |
| GUAM | IAEA |
| IBRD | ICAO |
| ICRM | IDA |
| IDB | IFAD |
| IFC | IFRCS |
| ILO | IMF |
| IMO | IOC |
| IOM | IPU |
| ISO | ITSO |
| ITU | ITUC |
| Interpol | MIGA |
| NAM (observer) | OAS (observer) |
| OIC | OPCW |
| OSCE | PFP |
| SECI (observer) | UN |
| UNCTAD | UNESCO |
| UNIDO | UNWTO |
| UPU | WCO |
| WFTU | WHO |
| WIPO | WMO |
| WTO (observer) |
Independence :
1991-08-30
National holiday :
Foundation Day
1918-05-28
Executive branch :
| President Ilham ALIYEV | Prime Minister Artur RASIZADE |
GDP - Gross Domestic product :
| PPP - Purchasing Power Parity | 86 050 000 000 | $ |
| Official Exchange Rate | 42 510 000 000 | |
| RGR - Real Growth rate | 9.30 | % |
| PPP - per capita | 9 900 | $ |
GDP Composition by sector :
| agriculture | 5.80 | % |
| industry | 60.50 | % |
| services | 33.70 | % |
Labor force - by occupation :
| agriculture | 38.30 | % |
| industry | 12.10 | % |
| services | 49.60 | % |
Other Indicators :
| Labor force | 4 318 000 | people |
| Unemployment rate | 6.00 | % |
| Population below poverty line | 11.00 | % |
| Distribution of family income - Gini index | 36.50 | |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 1.50 | % |
| Investment (gross fixed) | 19.60 | % of GDP |
| Current account balance | 7 231 000 000 | $ |
| Reserves of foreign exchange and gold | 5 333 000 000 | $ |
| Debt external | 2 411 000 000 | $ |
| Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad | 5 382 000 000 | $ |
| Stock of direct foreign investment - at home | 8 343 999 999 | $ |
| Military expenditures | 2.60 | % of GDP |
| Public debt | 4.60 | % of GDP |
Household income or consumption by percentage share :
| lowest 10% | 6.10 | % |
| highest 10% | 17.50 | % |
Budget :
| revenues | 12 180 000 000 | $ |
| expenditures | 12 360 000 000 | $ |
Agriculture - products :
| cattle | cotton |
| fruits | goats |
| grain | grapes |
| pigs | rice |
| sheep | tea |
| tobacco | vegetables |
Industries :
| cement | chemicals |
| iron ore | oilfield equipment |
| petrochemicals | petroleum and natural gas |
| petroleum products | steel |
| textiles |
Energy :
| Electricity Production | 18 600 000 000 | kWh |
| Electricity Consumption | 18 000 000 000 | kWh |
| Electricity Exports | 786 000 000 | kWh |
| Electricity Imports | 548 000 000 | kWh |
| Oil Production | 1 040 000 | bbl/day |
| Oil Consumption | 126 000 | bbl/day |
| Oil Exports | 528 900 | bbl/day |
| Oil Imports | 2 848 | bbl/day |
| Oil Proved reserves | 7 000 000 000 | bbl |
| Natural gas Production | 23 000 000 000 | cubic metres |
| Natural gas Consumption | 10 120 000 000 | cubic metres |
| Natural gas Exports | 5 564 000 000 | cubic metres |
| Electricity Exports | 2 000 000 000 000 | cubic metres |
Value :
13 160 000 000 $
Partners :
| Italy (it) | 40.20 | % |
| United States (us) | 12.60 | % |
| Israel (il) | 7.60 | % |
| India (in) | 5.10 | % |
| France (fr) | 4.90 | % |
Commodities :
| cotton | foodstuffs |
| machinery | oil and gas |
Value :
5 448 000 000 $
Partners :
| Russia (ru) | 18.80 | % |
| Turkey (tr) | 11.20 | % |
| Germany (de) | 8.30 | % |
| Ukraine (ua) | 7.90 | % |
| China (cn) | 6.70 | % |
| United Kingdom (gb) | 5.40 | % |
Commodities :
| chemicals | foodstuffs |
| machinery and equipment | metals |
| oil products |
Currency-code :
AZN
Currency-name :
Azerbaijani manat
Communications :
| Telephons Main lines in use | 1 311 000 | |
| Telephons Mobile, Cellular | 6 548 000 | |
| FM Radio broadcast stations | 11 | |
| Television broadcast stations | 10 | |
| Internet Country code (ccTLD) | az | |
| Internet Hosts | 7 045 | |
| Internet Users | 1 485 000 |
Transportation :
| Airports with paved runways | 27 | |
| Heliports | 1 | |
| Pipelines - gas | 3 361 | km |
| Pipelines - oil | 1 424 | km |
| Pipelines - condensate | 1 | km |
| Roadways - total | 59 141 | km |
| Roadways - paved | 29 210 | km |
| Roadways - unpaved | 29 931 | km |
| Railways | 2 918 | km |
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