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Burundi
Background :
Burundi's first democratically elected president was assassinated in October 1993 after only 100 days in office, triggering widespread ethnic violence between Hutu and Tutsi factions. More than 200,000 Burundians perished during the conflict that spanned almost a dozen years. Hundreds of thousands of Burundians were internally displaced or became refugees in neighboring countries. An internationally brokered power-sharing agreement between the Tutsi-dominated government and the Hutu rebels in 2003 paved the way for a transition process that led to an integrated defense force, established a new constitution in 2005, and elected a majority Hutu government in 2005. The new government, led by President Pierre NKURUNZIZA, signed a South African brokered ceasefire with the country's last rebel group in September of 2006 but still faces many challenges.
Location :
Central Africa, east of Democratic Republic of the Congo
Geographic Coordinates Center :
3 30 S, 30 00 E (Latitude, Longtitude)
Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :
| West | 28.99 |
| North | -2.31 |
| East | 30.85 |
| South | -4.47 |
Map references :
Africa
Area :
| total | 27 830 | square km |
| land | 25 680 | square km |
| water | 2 150 | square km |
Land boundaries :
| total | 974 | km |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | 233 | km |
| Rwanda (rw) | 290 | km |
| Tanzania (tz) | 451 | km |
Coastline :
0.00 km
Climate :
equatorial; high plateau with considerable altitude variation (772 m to 2,670 m above sea level); average annual temperature varies with altitude from 23 to 17 degrees centigrade but is generally moderate as the average altitude is about 1,700 m; average annual rainfall is about 150 cm; two wet seasons (February to May and September to November), and two dry seasons (June to August and December to January)
Terrain :
hilly and mountainous, dropping to a plateau in east, some plains
Elevation extremes :
| lowest point | 772 | metres |
| highest point | 2 670 | metres |
Natural resources :
| arable land | cobalt |
| copper | gold |
| hydropower | kaolin |
| limestone | nickel |
| niobium | peat |
| platinum | rare earth oxides |
| tantalum | tin |
| tungsten | uranium |
| vanadium |
Land use :
| arable land | 35.57 | % |
| permanent crops | 13.12 | % |
| other | 51.31 | % |
Irrigated land :
210 square km
Total renewable water resources :
3 cubic km
Natural hazards :
| flooding | lides |
current issues :
soil erosion as a result of overgrazing and the expansion of agriculture into marginal lands; deforestation (little forested land remains because of uncontrolled cutting of trees for fuel); habitat loss threatens wildlife populations
international agreements :
| Biodiversity | Climate Change |
| Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol | Desertification |
| Endangered Species | Hazardous Wastes |
| Law of the Sea | Ozone Layer Protection |
| Wetlands |
Population :
9 511 330
Indicators :
| Growth rate | 3.69 | % |
| Birth rate | 41.76 | births/1,000 population |
| Total fertility rate | 6.33 | children born/woman |
| Death rate | 10.14 | deaths/1,000 population |
| Net migration rate | 5.26 | migrant(s)/1,000 population |
Age structure :
| 0-14 years | 46.30 | % |
| 15-64 years | 51.20 | % |
| 65 years and over | 2.50 | % |
Median age :
| total | 16.70 | years |
| male | 16.50 | years |
| female | 17.00 | years |
Sex ratio :
| at birth | 1.03 | male(s)/female |
| under 15 years | 1.01 | male(s)/female |
| 15-64 years | 0.99 | male(s)/female |
| 65 years and over | 0.66 | male(s)/female |
| total population | 0.99 | male(s)/female |
Health :
| Infant mortality rate | 64.86 | deaths/1,000 live births |
| Life expectancy at birth - total population | 57.80 | years |
| Life expectancy at birth - male | 56.21 | years |
| Life expectancy at birth - female | 59.43 | years |
| HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate | 2.00 | % |
| HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS | 110 000 | |
| HIV-AIDS deaths | 11 000 |
Religions :
| Christian | 67.00 | % |
| indigenous beliefs | 23.00 | % |
| Muslim | 10.00 | % |
Languages :
| Kirundi | |
| French | |
| Swahili |
Literacy :
| total population | 59.30 | % |
| male | 67.30 | % |
| female | 52.20 | % |
Country name :
| conventional long form | Republic of Burundi |
| conventional short form | Burundi |
| local long form | Republique du Burundi/Republika y'u Burundi |
| local short form | Burundi |
| former | Urundi |
Country Codes :
| ISO 3166 | BI |
| ISO Numeric | 108 |
| ISO3 | BDI |
| FIPS | BY |
| ccTLD | bi |
| English | Burundi |
Administrative divisions :
17 provinces; Bubanza, Bujumbura Mairie, Bujumbura Rural, Bururi, Cankuzo, Cibitoke, Gitega, Karuzi, Kayanza, Kirundo, Makamba, Muramvya, Muyinga, Mwaro, Ngozi, Rutana, Ruyigi
Capital :
| name | Bujumbura |
| geographic coordinates | 3 22 S, 29 21 E |
| time difference | 2.00 |
International organization participation :
| ACCT | ACP |
| AU | AfDB |
| CEPGL | COMESA |
| EAC | FAO |
| G-77 | IAEA |
| IBRD | ICAO |
| ICCt | ICRM |
| IDA | IFAD |
| IFC | IFRCS |
| ILO | IMF |
| IOC | IOM |
| IPU | ISO (subscriber) |
| ITU | ITUC |
| Interpol | MIGA |
| NAM | OIF |
| OPCW | UN |
| UNAMID | UNCTAD |
| UNESCO | UNIDO |
| UNWTO | UPU |
| WCO | WFTU |
| WHO | WIPO |
| WMO | WTO |
Independence :
1962-07-01
National holiday :
Independence Day
1962-07-01
Executive branch :
| President Pierre NKURUNZIZA |
Legislative branch :
| CNDD-FDD | 58.60 | % |
| FRODEBU | 21.70 | % |
| UPRONA | 7.20 | % |
| CNDD | 4.10 | % |
| MRC-Rurenzangemero | 2.10 | % |
| others | 6.20 | % |
GDP - Gross Domestic product :
| PPP - Purchasing Power Parity | 3 266 000 000 | $ |
| Official Exchange Rate | 1 410 000 000 | |
| RGR - Real Growth rate | 3.80 | % |
| PPP - per capita | 300 | $ |
GDP Composition by sector :
| agriculture | 33.30 | % |
| industry | 21.00 | % |
| services | 45.80 | % |
Labor force - by occupation :
| agriculture | 93.60 | % |
| industry | 2.30 | % |
| services | 4.10 | % |
Other Indicators :
| Labor force | 4 245 000 | people |
| Population below poverty line | 68.00 | % |
| Distribution of family income - Gini index | 42.40 | |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 14.10 | % |
| Investment (gross fixed) | 11.30 | % of GDP |
| Current account balance | - 144 000 000 | $ |
| Reserves of foreign exchange and gold | 212 000 000 | $ |
| Debt external | 1 200 000 000 | $ |
| Military expenditures | 5.90 | % of GDP |
Household income or consumption by percentage share :
| lowest 10% | 4.10 | % |
| highest 10% | 28.00 | % |
Budget :
| revenues | 342 200 000 | $ |
| expenditures | 385 700 000 | $ |
Agriculture - products :
| bananas | beef |
| cassava | coffee |
| corn | cotton |
| hides | milk |
| sorghum | sweet potatoes |
| tea |
Industries :
| assembly of imported components | food processing |
| light consumer goods such as blankets | public works construction |
| shoes | soap |
Energy :
| Electricity Production | 92 000 000 | kWh |
| Electricity Consumption | 125 600 000 | kWh |
| Electricity Imports | 40 000 000 | kWh |
| Oil Consumption | 3 000 | bbl/day |
| Oil Imports | 2 495 | bbl/day |
Value :
79 000 000 $
Partners :
| Switzerland (ch) | 27.90 | % |
| United Kingdom (gb) | 11.00 | % |
| Pakistan (pk) | 9.50 | % |
| Belgium (be) | 5.10 | % |
| Rwanda (rw) | 5.00 | % |
| Egypt (eg) | 4.70 | % |
Commodities :
| coffee | cotton |
| hides | sugar |
| tea |
Value :
318 000 000 $
Partners :
| Saudi Arabia (sa) | 22.40 | % |
| Belgium (be) | 13.60 | % |
| Uganda (ug) | 9.10 | % |
| Kenya (ke) | 8.00 | % |
| China (cn) | 6.40 | % |
| France (fr) | 5.90 | % |
| Germany (de) | 5.30 | % |
| India (in) | 4.50 | % |
| Tanzania (tz) | 4.40 | % |
| Japan (jp) | 4.40 | % |
Commodities :
| capital products | foodstuffs |
| petroleum products |
Currency-code :
BIF
Currency-name :
Burundi franc
Communications :
| Telephons Main lines in use | 30 400 | |
| Telephons Mobile, Cellular | 480 600 | |
| FM Radio broadcast stations | 4 | |
| Television broadcast stations | 1 | |
| Internet Country code (ccTLD) | bi | |
| Internet Hosts | 191 | |
| Internet Users | 65 000 |
Transportation :
| Airports with paved runways | 1 | |
| Heliports | 1 | |
| Roadways - total | 12 322 | km |
| Roadways - paved | 1 286 | km |
| Roadways - unpaved | 11 036 | km |
Flag
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