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Most Cambodians consider themselves to be Khmers, descendants of the Angkor Empire that extended over much of Southeast Asia and reached its zenith between the 10th and 13th centuries. Attacks by the Thai and Cham (from present-day Vietnam) weakened the empire, ushering in a long period of decline. The king placed the country under French protection in 1863 and it became part of French Indochina in 1887. Following Japanese occupation in World War II, Cambodia gained full independence from France in 1953. In April 1975, after a five-year struggle, Communist Khmer Rouge forces captured Phnom Penh and evacuated all cities and towns. At least 1.5 million Cambodians died from execution, forced hardships, or starvation during the Khmer Rouge regime under POL POT. A December 1978 Vietnamese invasion drove the Khmer Rouge into the countryside, began a 10-year Vietnamese occupation, and touched off almost 13 years of civil war. The 1991 Paris Peace Accords mandated democratic elections and a ceasefire, which was not fully respected by the Khmer Rouge. UN-sponsored elections in 1993 helped restore some semblance of normalcy under a coalition government. Factional fighting in 1997 ended the first coalition government, but a second round of national elections in 1998 led to the formation of another coalition government and renewed political stability. The remaining elements of the Khmer Rouge surrendered in early 1999. Some of the surviving Khmer Rouge leaders are awaiting trial for crimes against humanity by a hybrid UN-Cambodian tribunal supported by international assistance. Elections in July 2003 were relatively peaceful, but it took one year of negotiations between contending political parties before a coalition government was formed. In October 2004, King Norodom SIHANOUK abdicated the throne and his son, Prince Norodom SIHAMONI, was selected to succeed him. Local elections were held in Cambodia in April 2007, and there was little in the way of pre-election violence that preceded prior elections. National elections in July 2008 were relatively peaceful.
Southeastern Asia, bordering the Gulf of Thailand, between Thailand, Vietnam, and Laos
13 00 N, 105 00 E (Latitude, Longtitude)
West | 102.34 |
North | 14.69 |
East | 107.63 |
South | 10.41 |
Asia
total | 181 035 | square km |
land | 176 515 | square km |
water | 4 520 | square km |
total | 2 572 | km |
Laos (la) | 541 | km |
Thailand (th) | 803 | km |
Vietnam (vn) | 1 228 | km |
443.00 km
tropical; rainy, monsoon season (May to November); dry season (December to April); little seasonal temperature variation
mostly low, flat plains; mountains in southwest and north
lowest point | 0 | metres |
highest point | 1 810 | metres |
gas | gemstones |
hydropower potential | iron ore |
manganese | oil |
phosphates | timber |
arable land | 20.44 | % |
permanent crops | 0.59 | % |
other | 78.97 | % |
2 700 square km
476 cubic km
droughts | flooding |
monsoonal rains |
illegal logging activities throughout the country and strip mining for gems in the western region along the border with Thailand have resulted in habitat loss and declining biodiversity (in particular, destruction of mangrove swamps threatens natural fisheries); soil erosion; in rural areas, most of the population does not have access to potable water; declining fish stocks because of illegal fishing and overfishing
Biodiversity | Climate Change |
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol | Desertification |
Endangered Species | Hazardous Wastes |
Law of the Sea | Marine Life Conservation |
Ozone Layer Protection | Ship Pollution |
Tropical Timber 94 | Wetlands |
Whaling |
14 494 293
Growth rate | 1.76 | % |
Birth rate | 25.73 | births/1,000 population |
Total fertility rate | 3.04 | children born/woman |
Death rate | 8.08 | deaths/1,000 population |
0-14 years | 32.60 | % |
15-64 years | 63.80 | % |
65 years and over | 3.60 | % |
total | 22.10 | years |
male | 21.40 | years |
female | 22.80 | years |
at birth | 1.04 | male(s)/female |
under 15 years | 1.02 | male(s)/female |
15-64 years | 0.95 | male(s)/female |
65 years and over | 0.60 | male(s)/female |
total population | 0.96 | male(s)/female |
Infant mortality rate | 54.79 | deaths/1,000 live births |
Life expectancy at birth - total population | 62.10 | years |
Life expectancy at birth - male | 60.03 | years |
Life expectancy at birth - female | 64.27 | years |
HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate | 0.80 | % |
HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS | 75 000 | |
HIV-AIDS deaths | 6 900 |
Buddhist | 96.40 | % |
Muslim | 2.10 | % |
other | 1.30 | % |
unspecified | 0.20 | % |
Khmer | 95.00 | % |
French | ||
English |
total population | 73.60 | % |
male | 84.70 | % |
female | 64.10 | % |
conventional long form | Kingdom of Cambodia |
conventional short form | Cambodia |
local long form | Preahreacheanachakr Kampuchea |
local short form | Kampuchea |
former | Khmer Republic, Democratic Kampuchea, People's Republic of Kampuchea, State of Cambodia |
ISO 3166 | KH |
ISO Numeric | 116 |
ISO3 | KHM |
FIPS | CB |
ccTLD | kh |
English | Cambodia |
23 provinces (khett, singular and plural) and 1 municipality (krong, singular and plural)||provinces:|Banteay Mean Cheay, Batdambang, Kampong Cham, Kampong Chhnang, Kampong Spoe, Kampong Thum, Kampot, Kandal, Kaoh Kong, Keb, Krachen, Mondol Kiri, Otdar Mean Cheay, Pailin, Pouthisat, Preah Seihanu (Sihanoukville), Preah Vihear, Prey Veng, Rotanah Kiri, Siem Reab, Stoeng Treng, Svay Rieng, Takev||municipalities:|Phnum Penh (Phnom Penh)
name | Phnom Penh |
geographic coordinates | 11 33 N, 104 55 E |
time difference | 7.00 |
ACCT | ADB |
APT | ARF |
ASEAN | EAS |
FAO | G-77 |
IBRD | ICAO |
ICCt | ICRM |
IDA | IFAD |
IFC | IFRCS |
ILO | IMF |
IMO | IOC |
IOM | IPU |
ISO (subscriber) | ITU |
Interpol | MIGA |
NAM | OIF |
OPCW | PCA |
UN | UNCTAD |
UNESCO | UNIDO |
UNMIS | UNWTO |
UPU | WCO |
WFTU | WHO |
WIPO | WMO |
WTO |
1953-11-09
Independence Day
1953-11-09
King Norodom SIHAMONI | Prime Minister HUN SEN |
CPP | 69.00 | % |
FUNCINPEC | 21.00 | % |
SRP | 10.00 | % |
CPP | 58.00 | % |
SRP | 22.00 | % |
HRP | 7.00 | % |
PPP - Purchasing Power Parity | 27 920 000 000 | $ |
Official Exchange Rate | 10 900 000 000 | |
RGR - Real Growth rate | -1.50 | % |
PPP - per capita | 1 900 | $ |
agriculture | 29.00 | % |
industry | 30.00 | % |
services | 41.00 | % |
agriculture | 75.00 | % |
Labor force | 8 600 000 | people |
Unemployment rate | 3.50 | % |
Population below poverty line | 35.00 | % |
Distribution of family income - Gini index | 43.00 | |
Inflation rate (consumer prices) | -1.00 | % |
Investment (gross fixed) | 21.20 | % of GDP |
Current account balance | - 1 024 000 000 | $ |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold | 2 951 000 000 | $ |
Debt external | 4 157 000 000 | $ |
Military expenditures | 3.00 | % of GDP |
lowest 10% | 3.00 | % |
highest 10% | 34.20 | % |
revenues | 1 186 000 000 | $ |
expenditures | 1 748 000 000 | $ |
cashews | corn |
rice | rubber |
silk | tapioca |
vegetables |
cement | construction |
fishing | garments |
gem mining | rice milling |
rubber | textiles |
tourism | wood and wood products |
Electricity Production | 1 273 000 000 | kWh |
Electricity Consumption | 1 272 000 000 | kWh |
Electricity Imports | 167 000 000 | kWh |
Oil Consumption | 4 000 | bbl/day |
Oil Imports | 30 970 | bbl/day |
3 582 000 000 $
United States (us) | 54.50 | % |
Germany (de) | 7.70 | % |
Canada (ca) | 5.90 | % |
United Kingdom (gb) | 5.50 | % |
Vietnam (vn) | 4.50 | % |
clothing | fish |
footwear | rice |
rubber | timber |
tobacco |
5 374 000 000 $
Thailand (th) | 27.10 | % |
Vietnam (vn) | 19.20 | % |
China (cn) | 14.70 | % |
Hong Kong (hk) | 8.20 | % |
Singapore (sg) | 7.00 | % |
Tawian | 5.60 | % |
cigarettes | construction materials |
gold | machinery |
motor vehicles | petroleum products |
pharmaceutical products |
KHR
riel
Telephons Main lines in use | 45 100 | |
Telephons Mobile, Cellular | 4 237 000 | |
FM Radio broadcast stations | 50 | |
Television broadcast stations | 9 | |
Internet Country code (ccTLD) | kh | |
Internet Hosts | 2 480 | |
Internet Users | 74 000 |
Airports with paved runways | 6 | |
Heliports | 1 | |
Roadways - total | 38 093 | km |
Roadways - paved | 2 977 | km |
Roadways - unpaved | 35 116 | km |
Railways | 602 | km |
Waterways | 2 400 | km |