* βeta
Argentina
Background :
In 1816, the United Provinces of the Rio Plata declared their independence from Spain. After Bolivia, Paraguay, and Uruguay went their separate ways, the area that remained became Argentina. The country's population and culture were heavily shaped by immigrants from throughout Europe, but most particularly Italy and Spain, which provided the largest percentage of newcomers from 1860 to 1930. Up until about the mid-20th century, much of Argentina's history was dominated by periods of internal political conflict between Federalists and Unitarians and between civilian and military factions. After World War II, an era of Peronist populism and direct and indirect military interference in subsequent governments was followed by a military junta that took power in 1976. Democracy returned in 1983 after a failed bid to seize the Falkland (Malvinas) Islands by force, and has persisted despite numerous challenges, the most formidable of which was a severe economic crisis in 2001-02 that led to violent public protests and the successive resignations of several presidents.
Location :
Southern South America, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Chile and Uruguay
Geographic Coordinates Center :
34 00 S, 64 00 W (Latitude, Longtitude)
Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :
| West | -73.58 |
| North | -21.78 |
| East | -53.59 |
| South | -55.06 |
Map references :
America
Area :
| total | 2 780 400 | square km |
| land | 2 736 690 | square km |
| water | 43 710 | square km |
Land boundaries :
| total | 9 861 | km |
| Bolivia (bo) | 832 | km |
| Brazil (br) | 1 261 | km |
| Chile (cl) | 5 308 | km |
| Paraguay (py) | 1 880 | km |
| Uruguay (uy) | 580 | km |
Coastline :
4989.00 km
Climate :
mostly temperate; arid in southeast; subantarctic in southwest
Terrain :
rich plains of the Pampas in northern half, flat to rolling plateau of Patagonia in south, rugged Andes along western border
Elevation extremes :
| lowest point | 105 | metres |
Natural resources :
| copper | fertile plains of the pampas |
| iron ore | lead |
| manganese | petroleum |
| tin | uranium |
| zinc |
Land use :
| arable land | 10.03 | % |
| permanent crops | 0.36 | % |
| other | 89.61 | % |
Irrigated land :
15 500 square km
Total renewable water resources :
814 cubic km
Natural hazards :
| earthquakes | heavy flooding |
| windstorms |
current issues :
environmental problems (urban and rural) typical of an industrializing economy such as deforestation, soil degradation, desertification, air pollution, and water pollution|
international agreements :
| Antarctic Seals | Antarctic Treaty |
| Antarctic-Environmental Protocol | Antarctic-Marine Living Resources |
| Biodiversity | Climate Change |
| Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol | Desertification |
| Endangered Species | Environmental Modification |
| Hazardous Wastes | Law of the Sea |
| Marine Dumping | Marine Life Conservation |
| Ozone Layer Protection | Ship Pollution |
| Wetlands | Whaling |
Population :
40 913 584
Indicators :
| Growth rate | 1.05 | % |
| Birth rate | 17.94 | births/1,000 population |
| Total fertility rate | 2.35 | children born/woman |
| Death rate | 7.41 | deaths/1,000 population |
Age structure :
| 0-14 years | 25.60 | % |
| 15-64 years | 63.50 | % |
| 65 years and over | 10.80 | % |
Median age :
| total | 30.00 | years |
| male | 29.00 | years |
| female | 31.00 | years |
Sex ratio :
| at birth | 1.05 | male(s)/female |
| under 15 years | 1.05 | male(s)/female |
| 15-64 years | 1.00 | male(s)/female |
| 65 years and over | 0.70 | male(s)/female |
| total population | 0.97 | male(s)/female |
Health :
| Infant mortality rate | 11.44 | deaths/1,000 live births |
| Life expectancy at birth - total population | 76.56 | years |
| Life expectancy at birth - male | 73.32 | years |
| Life expectancy at birth - female | 79.97 | years |
| HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate | 0.50 | % |
| HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS | 120 000 | |
| HIV-AIDS deaths | 7 000 |
Religions :
| Roman Catholic | 92.00 | % |
| Protestant | 2.00 | % |
| Jewish | 2.00 | % |
| other | 4.00 | % |
Languages :
| Spanish | |
| Italian | |
| English | |
| German | |
| French |
Literacy :
| total population | 97.20 | % |
| male | 97.20 | % |
| female | 97.20 | % |
Country name :
| conventional long form | Argentine Republic |
| conventional short form | Argentina |
| local long form | Republica Argentina |
| local short form | Argentina |
Country Codes :
| ISO 3166 | AR |
| ISO Numeric | 32 |
| ISO3 | ARG |
| FIPS | AR |
| ccTLD | ar |
| English | Argentina |
Administrative divisions :
23 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia) and 1 autonomous city* (distrito federal); Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires Capital Federal*, Catamarca, Chaco, Chubut, Cordoba, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, La Pampa, La Rioja, Mendoza, Misiones, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Salta, San Juan, San Luis, Santa Cruz, Santa Fe, Santiago del Estero, Tierra del Fuego - Antartida e Islas del Atlantico Sur, Tucuman|
Capital :
| name | Buenos Aires |
| geographic coordinates | 34 36 S, 58 40 W |
| time difference | -3.00 |
| daylight saving time | 1 |
International organization participation :
| AfDB (nonregional members) | Australia Group |
| BCIE | BIS |
| CAN (associate) | FAO |
| FATF | G-15 |
| G-20 | G-24 |
| G-77 | IADB |
| IAEA | IBRD |
| ICAO | ICC |
| ICCt | ICRM |
| IDA | IFAD |
| IFC | IFRCS |
| IHO | ILO |
| IMF | IMO |
| IMSO | IOC |
| IOM | IPU |
| ISO | ITSO |
| ITU | ITUC |
| Interpol | LAES |
| LAIA | MIGA |
| MINURSO | MINUSTAH |
| Mercosur | NSG |
| OAS | OPANAL |
| OPCW | PCA |
| Paris Club (associate) | RG |
| SICA (observer) | UN |
| UNASUR | UNCTAD |
| UNESCO | UNFICYP |
| UNHCR | UNIDO |
| UNTSO | UNWTO |
| UPU | Union Latina (observer) |
| WCO | WFTU |
| WHO | WIPO |
| WMO | WTO |
| ZC |
Independence :
1816-07-09
National holiday :
Revolution Day
1810-05-25
Executive branch :
| President Cristina FERNANDEZ DE KIRCHNER |
GDP - Gross Domestic product :
| PPP - Purchasing Power Parity | 558 000 000 000 | $ |
| Official Exchange Rate | 301 300 000 000 | |
| RGR - Real Growth rate | -2.50 | % |
| PPP - per capita | 13 800 | $ |
GDP Composition by sector :
| agriculture | 8.50 | % |
| industry | 32.20 | % |
| services | 59.30 | % |
Labor force - by occupation :
| agriculture | 1.00 | % |
| industry | 23.00 | % |
| services | 76.00 | % |
Other Indicators :
| Labor force | 16 379 999 | people |
| Unemployment rate | 9.60 | % |
| Population below poverty line | 13.90 | % |
| Distribution of family income - Gini index | 49.00 | |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 6.20 | % |
| Investment (gross fixed) | 20.50 | % of GDP |
| Current account balance | 14 430 000 000 | $ |
| Reserves of foreign exchange and gold | 7 600 000 000 | $ |
| Debt external | 108 600 000 000 | $ |
| Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad | 29 550 000 000 | $ |
| Stock of direct foreign investment - at home | 79 540 000 000 | $ |
| Market value of publicly traded shares | 52 310 000 000 | $ |
| Military expenditures | 1.30 | % of GDP |
| Public debt | 49.10 | % of GDP |
Household income or consumption by percentage share :
| lowest 10% | 1.00 | % |
| highest 10% | 35.00 | % |
Budget :
| revenues | 80 300 000 000 | $ |
| expenditures | 84 300 000 000 | $ |
Agriculture - products :
| corn | grapes |
| lemons | livestock |
| peanuts | soya |
| sunflower seed | tea |
| tobacco | wheat |
Industries :
| chemicals | consumer durables |
| food processing | metallurgy |
| motor vehicles | petrochemicals |
| printing | steel |
| textiles |
Energy :
| Electricity Production | 109 500 000 000 | kWh |
| Electricity Consumption | 99 210 000 000 | kWh |
| Electricity Exports | 2 628 000 000 | kWh |
| Electricity Imports | 10 280 000 000 | kWh |
| Oil Production | 792 300 | bbl/day |
| Oil Consumption | 610 000 | bbl/day |
| Oil Exports | 314 400 | bbl/day |
| Oil Imports | 52 290 | bbl/day |
| Oil Proved reserves | 2 616 000 000 | bbl |
| Natural gas Production | 44 060 000 000 | cubic metres |
| Natural gas Consumption | 44 470 000 000 | cubic metres |
| Natural gas Exports | 890 000 000 | cubic metres |
| Natural gas Imports | 1 300 000 000 | cubic metres |
| Electricity Exports | 441 700 000 000 | cubic metres |
Value :
58 870 000 000 $
Partners :
| Brazil (br) | 18.90 | % |
| China (cn) | 9.10 | % |
| United States (us) | 7.90 | % |
| Chile (cl) | 6.70 | % |
| Netherlands (nl) | 4.20 | % |
Commodities :
| corn | petroleum and gas |
| soybeans | vehicles |
| wheat |
Value :
37 610 000 000 $
Partners :
| Brazil (br) | 31.30 | % |
| China (cn) | 12.40 | % |
| United States (us) | 12.20 | % |
| Germany (de) | 4.40 | % |
Commodities :
| machinery | motor vehicles |
| organic chemicals | petroleum and natural gas |
| plastics |
Currency-code :
ARS
Currency-name :
Argentine peso
Communications :
| Telephons Main lines in use | 9 631 000 | |
| Telephons Mobile, Cellular | 46 509 000 | |
| Television broadcast stations | 42 | |
| Internet Country code (ccTLD) | ar | |
| Internet Hosts | 4 906 000 | |
| Internet Users | 11 212 000 |
Transportation :
| Airports with paved runways | 156 | |
| Heliports | 2 | |
| Pipelines - gas | 28 248 | km |
| Pipelines - oil | 5 977 | km |
| Pipelines - refined products | 3 636 | km |
| Pipelines - liquid petroleum gas | 41 | km |
| Roadways - total | 231 374 | km |
| Roadways - expressways | 734 | km |
| Roadways - paved | 69 412 | km |
| Roadways - unpaved | 161 962 | km |
| Railways | 31 409 | km |
| Waterways | 11 000 | km |
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