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Chile
Background :
Prior to the coming of the Spanish in the 16th century, northern Chile was under Inca rule while the indigenous Mapuche inhabited central and southern Chile. Although Chile declared its independence in 1810, decisive victory over the Spanish was not achieved until 1818. In the War of the Pacific (1879-83), Chile defeated Peru and Bolivia and won its present northern regions. It was not until the 1880s that the Mapuche Indians were completely subjugated. After a series of elected governments, a three-year-old Marxist government of Salvador ALLENDE was overthrown in 1973 by a military coup led by Augusto PINOCHET, who ruled until a freely elected president was installed in 1990. Sound economic policies, maintained consistently since the 1980s, have contributed to steady growth, reduced poverty rates by over half, and have helped secure the country's commitment to democratic and representative government. Chile has increasingly assumed regional and international leadership roles befitting its status as a stable, democratic nation.
Location :
Southern South America, bordering the South Pacific Ocean, between Argentina and Peru
Geographic Coordinates Center :
30 00 S, 71 00 W (Latitude, Longtitude)
Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :
| West | -109.46 |
| North | -17.51 |
| East | -66.42 |
| South | -55.92 |
Map references :
America
Area :
| total | 756 102 | square km |
| land | 743 812 | square km |
| water | 12 290 | square km |
Land boundaries :
| total | 6 339 | km |
| Argentina (ar) | 5 308 | km |
| Bolivia (bo) | 860 | km |
| Peru (pe) | 171 | km |
Coastline :
6435.00 km
Climate :
temperate; desert in north; Mediterranean in central region; cool and damp in south
Terrain :
low coastal mountains; fertile central valley; rugged Andes in east
Elevation extremes :
| lowest point | 0 | metres |
| highest point | 6 880 | metres |
Natural resources :
| copper | hydropower |
| iron ore | molybdenum |
| nitrates | precious metals |
| timber |
Land use :
| arable land | 2.62 | % |
| permanent crops | 0.43 | % |
| other | 96.95 | % |
Irrigated land :
19 000 square km
Total renewable water resources :
922 cubic km
Natural hazards :
| active volcanism | earthquakes |
| tsunamis |
current issues :
widespread deforestation and mining threaten natural resources; air pollution from industrial and vehicle emissions; water pollution from raw sewage
international agreements :
| Antarctic Seals | Antarctic Treaty |
| Antarctic-Environmental Protocol | Antarctic-Marine Living Resources |
| Biodiversity | Climate Change |
| Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol | Desertification |
| Endangered Species | Environmental Modification |
| Hazardous Wastes | Law of the Sea |
| Marine Dumping | Ozone Layer Protection |
| Ship Pollution | Wetlands |
| Whaling |
Population :
16 601 707
Indicators :
| Growth rate | 0.88 | % |
| Birth rate | 14.64 | births/1,000 population |
| Total fertility rate | 1.92 | children born/woman |
| Death rate | 5.84 | deaths/1,000 population |
Age structure :
| 0-14 years | 23.20 | % |
| 15-64 years | 67.80 | % |
| 65 years and over | 9.10 | % |
Median age :
| total | 31.40 | years |
| male | 30.40 | years |
| female | 32.40 | years |
Sex ratio :
| at birth | 1.05 | male(s)/female |
| under 15 years | 1.05 | male(s)/female |
| 15-64 years | 1.00 | male(s)/female |
| 65 years and over | 0.72 | male(s)/female |
| total population | 0.98 | male(s)/female |
Health :
| Infant mortality rate | 7.71 | deaths/1,000 live births |
| Life expectancy at birth - total population | 77.34 | years |
| Life expectancy at birth - male | 74.07 | years |
| Life expectancy at birth - female | 80.77 | years |
| HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate | 0.30 | % |
| HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS | 31 000 | |
| HIV-AIDS deaths | 1 100 |
Religions :
| Roman Catholic | 70.00 | % |
| Evangelical | 15.10 | % |
| Jehovah's Witness | 1.10 | % |
| other Christian | 1.00 | % |
| other | 4.60 | % |
| none | 8.30 | % |
Languages :
| Spanish | |
| Mapudungun | |
| German | |
| English |
Literacy :
| total population | 95.70 | % |
| male | 95.80 | % |
| female | 95.60 | % |
Country name :
| conventional long form | Republic of Chile |
| conventional short form | Chile |
| local long form | Republica de Chile |
| local short form | Chile |
Country Codes :
| ISO 3166 | CL |
| ISO Numeric | 152 |
| ISO3 | CHL |
| FIPS | CI |
| ccTLD | cl |
| English | Chile |
Administrative divisions :
15 regions (regiones, singular - region); Aisen del General Carlos Ibanez del Campo, Antofagasta, Araucania, Arica y Parinacota, Atacama, Biobio, Coquimbo, Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins, Los Lagos, Los Rios, Magallanes y de la Antartica Chilena, Maule, Region Metropolitana (Santiago), Tarapaca, Valparaiso|
Capital :
| name | Santiago |
| geographic coordinates | 33 27 S, 70 40 W |
| time difference | -4.00 |
| daylight saving time | 1 |
International organization participation :
| APEC | BIS |
| CAN (associate) | FAO |
| G-15 | G-77 |
| IADB | IAEA |
| IBRD | ICAO |
| ICC | ICCt |
| ICCt (signatory) | ICRM |
| IDA | IFAD |
| IFC | IFRCS |
| IHO | ILO |
| IMF | IMO |
| IMSO | IOC |
| IOM | IPU |
| ISO | ITSO |
| ITU | ITUC |
| Interpol | LAES |
| LAIA | MIGA |
| MINUSTAH | Mercosur (associate) |
| NAM | OAS |
| OECD (accession state) | OPANAL |
| OPCW | PCA |
| RG | SICA (observer) |
| UN | UNASUR |
| UNCTAD | UNESCO |
| UNHCR | UNIDO |
| UNMOGIP | UNTSO |
| UNWTO | UPU |
| Union Latina | WCO |
| WFTU | WHO |
| WIPO | WMO |
| WTO |
Independence :
1810-09-18
National holiday :
Independence Day
1810-09-18
Executive branch :
| President Michelle BACHELET Jeria |
GDP - Gross Domestic product :
| PPP - Purchasing Power Parity | 244 300 000 000 | $ |
| Official Exchange Rate | 150 400 000 000 | |
| RGR - Real Growth rate | -1.50 | % |
| PPP - per capita | 14 700 | $ |
GDP Composition by sector :
| agriculture | 4.80 | % |
| industry | 50.50 | % |
| services | 44.70 | % |
Labor force - by occupation :
| agriculture | 13.20 | % |
| industry | 23.00 | % |
| services | 63.90 | % |
Other Indicators :
| Labor force | 7 420 000 | people |
| Unemployment rate | 10.00 | % |
| Population below poverty line | 18.20 | % |
| Distribution of family income - Gini index | 54.90 | |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 1.70 | % |
| Investment (gross fixed) | 20.50 | % of GDP |
| Current account balance | - 50 000 000 | $ |
| Reserves of foreign exchange and gold | 25 400 000 000 | $ |
| Debt external | 60 900 000 000 | $ |
| Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad | 32 070 000 000 | $ |
| Stock of direct foreign investment - at home | 115 000 000 000 | $ |
| Market value of publicly traded shares | 132 400 000 000 | $ |
| Military expenditures | 2.70 | % of GDP |
| Public debt | 9.00 | % of GDP |
Household income or consumption by percentage share :
| lowest 10% | 1.60 | % |
| highest 10% | 41.70 | % |
Budget :
| revenues | 31 310 000 000 | $ |
| expenditures | 37 870 000 000 | $ |
Agriculture - products :
| apples | asparagus |
| beans | beef |
| corn | fish |
| garlic | grapes |
| oats | onions |
| peaches | pears |
| poultry | timber |
| wheat | wool |
Industries :
| cement | copper |
| fish processing | foodstuffs |
| iron | other minerals |
| steel | textiles |
| transport equipment | wood and wood products |
Energy :
| Electricity Production | 60 600 000 000 | kWh |
| Electricity Consumption | 57 290 000 000 | kWh |
| Electricity Imports | 1 628 000 000 | kWh |
| Oil Production | 11 190 | bbl/day |
| Oil Consumption | 277 000 | bbl/day |
| Oil Exports | 49 250 | bbl/day |
| Oil Imports | 311 200 | bbl/day |
| Oil Proved reserves | 150 000 000 | bbl |
| Natural gas Production | 1 650 000 000 | cubic metres |
| Natural gas Consumption | 2 340 000 000 | cubic metres |
| Natural gas Imports | 690 000 000 | cubic metres |
| Electricity Exports | 97 970 000 000 | cubic metres |
Value :
48 850 000 000 $
Partners :
| China (cn) | 14.10 | % |
| United States (us) | 11.30 | % |
| Japan (jp) | 10.40 | % |
| Brazil (br) | 5.90 | % |
| South Korea | 5.70 | % |
| Netherlands (nl) | 5.20 | % |
| Italy (it) | 4.40 | % |
Commodities :
| chemicals | copper |
| fish products | fruits |
| paper and pulp | wine |
Value :
40 910 000 000 $
Partners :
| United States (us) | 19.10 | % |
| China (cn) | 11.90 | % |
| Brazil (br) | 9.20 | % |
| Argentina (ar) | 8.80 | % |
| South Korea | 5.50 | % |
| Japan (jp) | 4.60 | % |
Commodities :
| chemicals | electrical and telecommunication equipment |
| industrial machinery | natural gas |
| petroleum and petroleum products | vehicles |
Currency-code :
CLP
Currency-name :
Chilean peso
Communications :
| Telephons Main lines in use | 3 526 000 | |
| Telephons Mobile, Cellular | 14 797 000 | |
| FM Radio broadcast stations | 64 | |
| Television broadcast stations | 63 | |
| Internet Country code (ccTLD) | cl | |
| Internet Hosts | 877 817 | |
| Internet Users | 5 456 000 |
Transportation :
| Airports with paved runways | 81 | |
| Pipelines - gas | 2 673 | km |
| Pipelines - oil | 892 | km |
| Pipelines - refined products | 769 | km |
| Pipelines - liquid petroleum gas | 519 | km |
| Roadways - total | 80 505 | km |
| Roadways - expressways | 2 414 | km |
| Roadways - paved | 16 745 | km |
| Roadways - unpaved | 63 760 | km |
| Railways | 5 481 | km |
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