* βeta
Nigeria
Background :
British influence and control over what would become Nigeria and Africa's most populous country grew through the 19th century. A series of constitutions after World War II granted Nigeria greater autonomy; independence came in 1960. Following nearly 16 years of military rule, a new constitution was adopted in 1999, and a peaceful transition to civilian government was completed. The government continues to face the daunting task of reforming a petroleum-based economy, whose revenues have been squandered through corruption and mismanagement, and institutionalizing democracy. In addition, Nigeria continues to experience longstanding ethnic and religious tensions. Although both the 2003 and 2007 presidential elections were marred by significant irregularities and violence, Nigeria is currently experiencing its longest period of civilian rule since independence. The general elections of April 2007 marked the first civilian-to-civilian transfer of power in the country's history.
Location :
Western Africa, bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Benin and Cameroon
Geographic Coordinates Center :
10 00 N, 8 00 E (Latitude, Longtitude)
Geographic Coordinates Rectangle :
| West | 2.67 |
| North | 13.89 |
| East | 14.68 |
| South | 4.28 |
Map references :
Africa
Area :
| total | 923 768 | square km |
| land | 910 768 | square km |
| water | 13 000 | square km |
Land boundaries :
| total | 4 047 | km |
| Benin (bj) | 773 | km |
| Cameroon (cm) | 1 690 | km |
| Chad (td) | 87 | km |
| Niger (ne) | 1 497 | km |
Coastline :
853.00 km
Climate :
varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in north
Terrain :
southern lowlands merge into central hills and plateaus; mountains in southeast, plains in north
Elevation extremes :
| lowest point | 0 | metres |
| highest point | 2 419 | metres |
Natural resources :
| arable land | coal |
| iron ore | lead |
| limestone | natural gas |
| niobium | petroleum |
| tin | zinc |
Land use :
| arable land | 33.02 | % |
| permanent crops | 3.14 | % |
| other | 63.84 | % |
Irrigated land :
2 820 square km
Total renewable water resources :
286 cubic km
Natural hazards :
| flooding | periodic droughts |
current issues :
soil degradation; rapid deforestation; urban air and water pollution; desertification; oil pollution - water, air, and soil; has suffered serious damage from oil spills; loss of arable land; rapid urbanization
international agreements :
| Biodiversity | Climate Change |
| Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol | Desertification |
| Endangered Species | Hazardous Wastes |
| Law of the Sea | Marine Dumping |
| Marine Life Conservation | Ozone Layer Protection |
| Ship Pollution | Wetlands |
Population :
149 229 090
Indicators :
| Growth rate | 2.00 | % |
| Birth rate | 36.65 | births/1,000 population |
| Total fertility rate | 4.91 | children born/woman |
| Death rate | 16.56 | deaths/1,000 population |
| Net migration rate | -0.10 | migrant(s)/1,000 population |
Age structure :
| 0-14 years | 41.50 | % |
| 15-64 years | 55.50 | % |
| 65 years and over | 3.10 | % |
Median age :
| total | 19.00 | years |
| male | 18.90 | years |
| female | 19.10 | years |
Sex ratio :
| at birth | 1.06 | male(s)/female |
| under 15 years | 1.05 | male(s)/female |
| 15-64 years | 1.04 | male(s)/female |
| 65 years and over | 0.94 | male(s)/female |
| total population | 1.04 | male(s)/female |
Health :
| Infant mortality rate | 94.35 | deaths/1,000 live births |
| Life expectancy at birth - total population | 46.94 | years |
| Life expectancy at birth - male | 46.16 | years |
| Life expectancy at birth - female | 47.76 | years |
| HIV-AIDS adult prevalence rate | 3.10 | % |
| HIV-AIDS people living with HIV-AIDS | 2 600 000 | |
| HIV-AIDS deaths | 170 000 |
Religions :
| Muslim | 50.00 | % |
| Christian | 40.00 | % |
| indigenous beliefs | 10.00 | % |
Languages :
| English | |
| Hausa | |
| Yoruba | |
| Igbo | |
| Fula |
Literacy :
| total population | 68.00 | % |
| male | 75.70 | % |
| female | 60.60 | % |
Country name :
| conventional long form | Federal Republic of Nigeria |
| conventional short form | Nigeria |
Country Codes :
| ISO 3166 | NG |
| ISO Numeric | 566 |
| ISO3 | NGA |
| FIPS | NI |
| ccTLD | ng |
| English | Nigeria |
Administrative divisions :
36 states and 1 territory*; Abia, Adamawa, Akwa Ibom, Anambra, Bauchi, Bayelsa, Benue, Borno, Cross River, Delta, Ebonyi, Edo, Ekiti, Enugu, Federal Capital Territory*, Gombe, Imo, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Kogi, Kwara, Lagos, Nassarawa, Niger, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, Oyo, Plateau, Rivers, Sokoto, Taraba, Yobe, Zamfara
Capital :
| name | Abuja |
| geographic coordinates | 9 05 N, 7 32 E |
| time difference | 1.00 |
International organization participation :
| ACP | AU |
| AfDB | C |
| D-8 | ECOWAS |
| FAO | G-15 |
| G-24 | G-77 |
| IAEA | IBRD |
| ICAO | ICC |
| ICCt | ICRM |
| IDA | IDB |
| IFAD | IFC |
| IFRCS | IHO |
| ILO | IMF |
| IMO | IMSO |
| IOC | IOM |
| IPU | ISO |
| ITSO | ITU |
| ITUC | Interpol |
| MIGA | MINURCAT |
| MINURSO | MONUC |
| NAM | OAS (observer) |
| OIC | OPCW |
| OPEC | PCA |
| UN | UN Security Council (temporary) |
| UNAMID | UNCTAD |
| UNESCO | UNHCR |
| UNIDO | UNMIL |
| UNMIS | UNOCI |
| UNWTO | UPU |
| WCO | WFTU |
| WHO | WIPO |
| WMO | WTO |
Independence :
1960-10-01
National holiday :
Independence Day
1960-10-01
Executive branch :
| President Umaru Musa YAR'ADUA |
Legislative branch :
| PDP | 53.70 | % |
| ANPP | 27.90 | % |
| AD | 9.70 | % |
| other | 8.70 | % |
| PDP | 54.50 | % |
| ANPP | 27.40 | % |
| AD | 8.80 | % |
| UNPP | 2.80 | % |
| NPD | 1.90 | % |
| APGA | 1.60 | % |
| PRP | 0.80 | % |
GDP - Gross Domestic product :
| PPP - Purchasing Power Parity | 353 200 000 000 | $ |
| Official Exchange Rate | 165 400 000 000 | |
| RGR - Real Growth rate | 3.80 | % |
| PPP - per capita | 2 400 | $ |
GDP Composition by sector :
| agriculture | 33.40 | % |
| industry | 34.10 | % |
| services | 32.50 | % |
Labor force - by occupation :
| agriculture | 70.00 | % |
| industry | 10.00 | % |
| services | 20.00 | % |
Other Indicators :
| Labor force | 47 330 000 | people |
| Unemployment rate | 4.90 | % |
| Population below poverty line | 70.00 | % |
| Distribution of family income - Gini index | 43.70 | |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 11.50 | % |
| Investment (gross fixed) | 17.10 | % of GDP |
| Current account balance | - 9 394 000 000 | $ |
| Reserves of foreign exchange and gold | 46 540 000 000 | $ |
| Debt external | 9 689 000 000 | $ |
| Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad | 13 070 000 000 | $ |
| Stock of direct foreign investment - at home | 71 590 000 000 | $ |
| Market value of publicly traded shares | 49 800 000 000 | $ |
| Military expenditures | 1.50 | % of GDP |
| Public debt | 17.80 | % of GDP |
Household income or consumption by percentage share :
| lowest 10% | 2.00 | % |
| highest 10% | 32.40 | % |
Budget :
| revenues | 10 490 000 000 | $ |
| expenditures | 18 080 000 000 | $ |
Agriculture - products :
| cassava | cattle |
| cocoa | corn |
| fish | goats |
| millet | palm oil |
| peanuts | pigs |
| rice | rubber |
| sheep | sorghum |
| timber | yams |
Industries :
| cement and other construction materials | ceramics |
| chemicals | coal |
| columbite | commercial ship construction and repair |
| cotton | fertilizer |
| food products | footwear |
| hides | palm oil |
| peanuts | petroleum |
| printing | rubber |
| skins | steel |
| textiles | tin |
| wood |
Energy :
| Electricity Production | 21 920 000 000 | kWh |
| Electricity Consumption | 19 210 000 000 | kWh |
| Oil Production | 2 169 000 | bbl/day |
| Oil Consumption | 286 000 | bbl/day |
| Oil Exports | 2 327 000 | bbl/day |
| Oil Imports | 170 000 | bbl/day |
| Oil Proved reserves | 36 220 000 000 | bbl |
| Natural gas Production | 32 820 000 000 | cubic metres |
| Natural gas Consumption | 12 280 000 000 | cubic metres |
| Natural gas Exports | 20 550 000 000 | cubic metres |
| Electricity Exports | 5 215 000 000 000 | cubic metres |
Value :
45 430 000 000 $
Partners :
| United States (us) | 42.00 | % |
| Brazil (br) | 9.50 | % |
| India (in) | 9.00 | % |
| Spain (es) | 7.30 | % |
| France (fr) | 5.10 | % |
Commodities :
| cocoa | petroleum and petroleum products |
| rubber |
Value :
42 100 000 000 $
Partners :
| China (cn) | 16.10 | % |
| Netherlands (nl) | 11.30 | % |
| United States (us) | 9.80 | % |
| United Kingdom (gb) | 6.20 | % |
| South Korea | 6.10 | % |
| France (fr) | 5.10 | % |
| Germany (de) | 4.40 | % |
Commodities :
| chemicals | food and live animals |
| machinery | manufactured products |
| transportation equipment |
Currency-code :
NGN
Currency-name :
naira
Communications :
| Telephons Main lines in use | 1 308 000 | |
| Telephons Mobile, Cellular | 62 988 000 | |
| FM Radio broadcast stations | 36 | |
| Television broadcast stations | 3 | |
| Internet Country code (ccTLD) | ng | |
| Internet Hosts | 1 098 | |
| Internet Users | 11 000 000 |
Transportation :
| Airports with paved runways | 38 | |
| Heliports | 3 | |
| Pipelines - gas | 2 565 | km |
| Pipelines - oil | 3 424 | km |
| Pipelines - condensate | 26 | km |
| Pipelines - refined products | 4 090 | km |
| Pipelines - liquid petroleum gas | 97 | km |
| Roadways - total | 193 200 | km |
| Roadways - paved | 28 980 | km |
| Roadways - unpaved | 164 220 | km |
| Railways | 3 505 | km |
| Waterways | 8 600 | km |
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